Internments suitable for Primary Healthcare constitute a new indicator used in some countries to indirectly measure the resolution capability of Primary Healthcare. The scope of this study is to present the panorama of the internments suitable for primary healthcare in Sao Paulo State. An ecological descriptive study was carried out for the period from 2000 to 2007. The data were generated by patient's county of residence and grouped by Regional Health Departments. The Information Systems of the Health Ministry and the population estimates of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) were used to obtain the data of all patients. The internments suitable for primary healthcare in the state follow a tendency toward reduction suggesting a connection with the adoption of the Family Health Program. A reduction in internments for diabetes was detected and attention was drawn to the increase of internment for illnesses related to prenatal care and childbirth. In light of the recent publication of the Brazilian Diagnostics List, studies that analyze the statistics from it can be very useful for managers involved with primary care, and can serve as benchmarks for quality and contribute to assessment for the implementation of health policies in Brazil.

O estudo objetiva compreender os limites e as possibilidades avaliativas da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) no que tange ao reconhecimento e enfrentamento de necessidades em saúde de mulheres que vivenciam violência de gênero. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde que opera sob a ESF em São Paulo (SP). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com profissionais de saúde e com mulheres usuárias do serviço que vivenciaram situações de violência de gênero. Os resultados foram analisados segundo as categorias analíticas gênero, violência de gênero e necessidades em saúde. A medicalização foi constatada como a limitação mais significativa das práticas profissionais. Entretanto, foram constatadas possibilidades relacionadas ao vínculo propiciado pela lógica de atenção instaurada com a ESF, ainda que cerceadas pelas limitações do modelo biomédico e a ausência de tecnologias específicas para lidar com a violência.

This study aimed to analyze the flows of the network of children's protection against vi

The purpose of this exploratory, descriptive and retrospective study with a quantitative approach was to characterize violence against children in Curitiba. Reports of 2004 through 2008 about compulsory denouncements of violence cases were analyzed. The results showed an increase in violence, with home violence as the most frequent type and five to nine-year-olds as the most affected group, and negligence and physical violence as the most denounced forms of violence. Almost 81% of the sexual violence is performed against girls and the father is the main aggressor, showing inequality in gender relations and between generations. The importance of notification as a visibility instrument is highlighted.Other confrontation measures are necessary though, such as the promotion of equitable relationships of gender and generation, and cross-sectional policies that involve the social segments in a praxis that transforms reality. Características da violência contra a criança em uma capital brasileira Trata-se de estudo exploratório, descritivo, retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com o objetivo de caracterizar a violência contra a criança em Curitiba, PR, dar visibilidade ao problema e subsidiar novas políticas públicas e ações na Atenção Básica. Foram analisados relatórios de 2004 a 2008 das notificações obrigatórias dos casosde violência. Os resultados mostraram o aumento da violência, a violência doméstica como a mais frequente, a faixa de 5 a 9 anos de idade a mais atingida e a negligência e violência física as formas mais notificadas. Cerca de 81% da violência sexual é praticada contra meninas e o principal agressor é o pai, mostrando a desigualdade nas relações de gênero e geração. Ressalta-se a importância da notificação como instrumento de visibilidade. Outras medidas de enfrentamento são necessárias como a promoção de relações equitativas de gênero e geração e políticas transversais que incluam os setores sociais em uma práxis transformadora da realidade.Descritores: Maus-Tratos Infantis; Políticas Públicas; Violência. Características de la violencia contra los niños en una capital brasileñaEste estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, retrospectivo, cuantitativo, objetiva caracterizar la violencia contra los niños de Curitiba, dar visibilidad al problema, subsidiar nuevas políticas públicas y acciones en la Atención Básica. Se analizaron los informes de las notificaciones obligatorias de casos de violencia, de 2004 a 2008. Se identificó aumento de la violencia, siendo la violencia doméstica la más frecuente, los niños de 5 a 9 años fueron más afectados y la negligencia y violencia física fueron las formas más notificadas.Aproximadamente 81% de la violencia sexual es practicada contra niñas y el principal agresor es el padre, mostrando la desigualdad en las relaciones de género y generación.Se resalta la importancia de la notificación como instrumento de visibilidad. Otras medidas de enfrentamiento son necesarias como la promoción de relaciones equitativas de género y generación y políticas transversales que inclu...

Objective:To describe the phenomenon of child neglect and understand it in a gender context. Method: Retrospective, quantitative, and exploratory study that analyzed reports of violence by a child and adolescent protection network in a Brazilian city. The theoretical and methodological basis applied was TIPESC (Theory of Nursing Praxical Intervention in Collective Health), with a gender emphasis. Results: Neglect of children under the age of ten represents more than half the reports received over all the years studied; more boys than girls suffered neglect and 41.4% of the reports of neglect involved children under than age of three; women were identified as being solely responsible in 67.9%, and as accessories in 17.3% of the incidents reported. Conclusion: Child neglect is a complex matter, the gender subordinate status inflicted on these children and their mothers who are responsible for their care underscore the social vulnerability of this group. DESCRIPTORS INTRODUCTIONBrazil has legal provisions protecting children and adolescents from all varieties of violence, including neglect. Among many other requirements, the 1988 Federal Brazilian Constitution most particularly governs rules on citizenship and personal dignity in order to promote the wellbeing of all, with no discrimination or age limit. Its text on the rights of citizens guarantees "education, health, nourishment, work, home, leisure, security, social security, maternity and child protection, and aid for the unprotected" (1) . Brazilian public policy relating to children and adolescents is protective and promotes healthy growth and development. The Child and Adolescent Statute, enacted in 1990, establishes that children and adolescents are entitled to all inherent human rights and must be guaranteed the means for their full development. Anyone who inflicts neglect upon, or any other offense against, the integrity of, children and adolescents, shall be penalized for such act or omission (2) . Brazil's National Policy for Morbidity and Mortality through Accident or Violence confers a material role upon the health sector to deal with these offenses, without prejudice to the liability of other sectors of society, and recommends joint action with a number of different social sectors (3) . In 2001, the city of Curitiba, capital of the State of Paraná, criated the Network for the Protection of Children and Adolescents at Risk of Violence. The network's regulations (4) , drawn up in 2004, established the types and nature of acts of violence against children and adolescents susceptible to confinement in municipal institutions. It defined the categories of violence as being interfamily violence (committed by a family member inside or outside the home), extrafamily violence (occurring outside the family circle, where the aggressor could be any individual), auto aggression (including suicide and conduct regarded as threatening to the individual's physical integrity), and fetal violence (committed by a pregnant woman against the fetus or by a third p...

This essay aims to show the relevance of sociological categories gender and generation that underlie the phenomenon of nursing in public health, the episteme of praxis. We understand praxis as the foundation of the historical and dialectic materialism, demonstrating its importance in the process of construction of knowledge in public health nursing. The sociological categories of gender and generation were chosen in this paper because it has the privilege to better illuminate certain phenomena that have been the subject of scientific concern, such as violence against women, children and the elderly, in all its vulnerabilities. The dialectical method was adopted, with an emphasis on the secondary laws of "essence and phenomena" and "reality and possibility". Finally, given that the choice of the approach to the object, as well as the instruments for intervention towards a purpose in the process of scientific knowledge is the choice of the knowing subject, the ethics was related to praxis.

Objective:to analyze the narratives of sexually abused women in childhood, identifying issues related to gender and generation. Method:descriptive research with a qualitative approach, based on 214 reports selected from the Brazilian campaign #primeiroassedio (first harassment), which took place on Twitter social network, collected from a structured instrument. Thematic content analysis was used. Results:girls were the main victims of sexual abuse. The perpetrators were mostly male and people they knew. Five categories emerged from the narratives: Sexual abuse in the aggressors’ discourse; The child as the object of sexual pleasure; Violated childhood; Victims’ guilty feelings; and Repercussions of sexual abuse experienced in childhood. Conclusion:sexual abuse often occurs in the family context and, even if sometimes veiled, the submission of girls’ power in gender relations and of children in generation relationships is evident. Analyzing sexual abuse under the categories of gender and generation contributes to an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon, directing practices more effectively to their coping.

We concluded that Tipesc is currently the explanatory and interventional theory, since it is grounded on its theoretical bases, which arise from philosophical bases of dialectical and historical materialism.