Limites e possibilidades avaliativas da estratégia saúde da família para a violência de gênero

Abstract

O estudo objetiva compreender os limites e as possibilidades avaliativas da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) no que tange ao reconhecimento e enfrentamento de necessidades em saúde de mulheres que vivenciam violência de gênero. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde que opera sob a ESF em São Paulo (SP). Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com profissionais de saúde e com mulheres usuárias do serviço que vivenciaram situações de violência de gênero. Os resultados foram analisados segundo as categorias analíticas gênero, violência de gênero e necessidades em saúde. A medicalização foi constatada como a limitação mais significativa das práticas profissionais. Entretanto, foram constatadas possibilidades relacionadas ao vínculo propiciado pela lógica de atenção instaurada com a ESF, ainda que cerceadas pelas limitações do modelo biomédico e a ausência de tecnologias específicas para lidar com a violência.

Violência contra a mulher: limites e potencialidades da prática assistencial

“…(10) The establishment of the bond and dialogic listening to women in situations of violence is a potential care practice, but there is still much to do to ensure efficient user embracement. (5) Because even with the bond between professionals and service users and the obvious signs of violence, women rarely assume that the injury was caused by their partner. (8) The bonding must be used to put into practice the project of standing up against violence, as the bond by itself cannot reach a qualitative transformation of women's lives.…”

“…(8) The bonding must be used to put into practice the project of standing up against violence, as the bond by itself cannot reach a qualitative transformation of women's lives. (5) The home visit was considered as one of the activities for the recognition of violence. This was referred by the professionals in this study as well as by professionals from another basic health unit.…”

“…This was referred by the professionals in this study as well as by professionals from another basic health unit. (5) The frequency with which community health workers who visit families under their care and the way they dialogue and participate in the life of these people make them build a relationship committed to a project of life improvement. This close contact of confidence, added to a training focused on actions of health promotion makes them able to detect and support issues such as violence against women.…”

“…(9) Studies show that women who go to the health units or are visited by professionals from the Family Health teams do not talk about the violence suffered. (3,5,10) One of the possibilities is that women do not report because the attention they receive is almost always about the physical problems, so they do not understand violence as a demand to be met in the unit. (5) Moreover, the lack of privacy in the place of user embracement may also be the reason for women not reporting violence.…”

“…(4) The knowledge of the limits and potentialities of the practice of Family Health Teams is an issue that subsidizes reflections for planning actions that transform and strengthen the visible weaknesses, often including a review of the care model and guidelines that govern the practices. (5) User embracement as a posture and practice builds a relationship of trust and commitment between users and the health teams and services, aiming at responses to the problems identified through listening. This presupposition is the basis of a more assertive care to women in situations of violence.…”