Background:The therapeutic efficacy of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) still remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a beta‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and PRP/β‐TCP combination both clinically and radiographically.Methods:Fourteen chronic periodontitis patients with at least two similar three‐walled defects were included in the study. Each patient was randomly treated with both β‐TCP (n = 14) and PRP/β‐TCP (n = 14) in the same session. Baseline and 6‐month evaluations of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession (GR), bleeding on probing, and radiographic intrabony defect depth (RIDD) were assessed statistically.Results:At 6 months, statistically significant reductions of GI, PPD, BOP, and RIDD were observed in both groups. The median values of CAL decreased from 7.0 to 6.0 mm in the β‐TCP group (p = 0.002), and 7.5 to 5.0 mm in the PRP/β‐TCP group (p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups for all clinical indices.Conclusion:After a 6‐month healing period, both β‐TCP and PRP/β‐TCP were found effective in the treatment of three‐walled intrabony defects and no additional statistically significant benefits were found with PRP. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.

Background: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a major pathogen in aggressive periodontitis. Our objectives were to determine the periodontal status and occurrence of A. actinomycetemcomitans in family members of subjects with A. actinomycetemcomitanspositive aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and to evaluate the probability of its intrafamilial transmission.Methods: Of the 300 subjects screened, 66 (22%) had AgP and A. actinomycetemcomitans. Eleven (probands) of these 66 subjects with AgP met the strict inclusion criteria for the study. The study population consisted of 55 subjects, including probands and their family members (N = 44). Two family groups were formed according to whether the proband was a child (N = 7) or a parent (N = 4). Subgingival samples from all subjects were cultured for A. actinomycetemcomitans, and its clonal types were determined by combining serotype and genotype data for each isolate.Results: Among 42 dentate family members, 16 (38%) exhibited periodontitis and eight (50%) had AgP. Periodontitis was found in nine of 12 (75%) of the dentate parents and six of 17 (35%) siblings of the child probands. A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 16 of 31 (52%) family members, i.e., one parent and at least one sibling in six families. The child probands shared A. actinomycetemcomitans clonal types with their parents in five of six (83%) families and with their siblings in three of six (50%) families. In the four parent-proband families, A. actinomycetemcomitans occurred in two spouses and all nine children. The parent probands shared A. actinomycetemcomitans clonal types with their spouses in both families and with their children in three of four families. In all families, the likelihood of intrafamilial transmission of A. actinomycetemcomitans was statistically significant. Members of most families (eight of 11, 73%) also harbored additional clonal types of A. actinomycetemcomitans.Conclusion: Parents and siblings of an individual with A. actinomycetemcomitans-positive AgP may have an increased susceptibility to periodontitis and shared and/or other clonal types of oral A. actinomycetemcomitans. J Periodontol 2008;79:307-315.

Clonal diversity of subgingival yeast strains was determined in relation to geographical location and coexistence of selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria. A total of 60 dental patients from Finland, the United States and Turkey each contributed five Candida albicans isolates. C. albicans isolates were serotyped using slide agglutination and genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and a random sequence primer. In general, each study subject yielded C. albicans isolates belonging to the same serotype and genotype. C. albicans serotype A occurred more frequently in subjects from Finland and Turkey than in subjects from the United States. A total of 27 PCR-based C. albicans genotypes were identified. One C. albicans genotype occurred with particularly high frequency in subjects from Turkey and another genotype in subjects from the United States. Relationships were identified between C. albicans serotypes and genotypes. Further studies are needed to determine environmental factors of importance for subgingival colonization and persistence of C. albicans.

It is suggested that in vitro A. actinomycetemcomitans adhesion to implant surfaces is strain dependent.

Abstract:This study aimed to investigate and compare the lipid and polysaccharide content of the cemental surfaces of healthy and periodontally-involved teeth. Thirty

The significance of chemical and conservative treatments of cemental tissue proximal to periodontal pockets has been pointed out in recent years. This in vitro scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study aimed to investigate the surface effects of topical applications of 0.1 % cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and 2 % sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and polishing on the periodontally involved root surfaces of human teeth. Ten single-rooted teeth from 8 patients with advanced adult periodontitis were included. Following extraction, any calculus was removed with extreme care to preserve as much cementum as possible. Eighty root specimens were prepared. Fresh solutions of CPC and SLS were applied for 1, 3 and 5 minutes each to 10 segments of root cementum. A total of 20 segments formed the polished (P) and control (C) groups, respectively. The results showed that the surfaces treated with CPC or SLS differed considerably from polished and control specimens. Depending on time, the surface coating was partly or wholly removed, leaving a nodular cementum structure, uncovering a fibrillar collagen substrate and the openings of dentinal tubules. Scarce debris was present on both control and polished surfaces, whereas bacteria were observed only on the control specimens. In view of these results, further definitive in vitro and in vivo research must be done to determine the advantages of chemical treatment and its effect on periodontal regeneration.