(1) There is great variation in the size of elderly population; (2) duration of training and content of dental education curriculum varies; (3) geriatric dentistry has not been established as a standalone course in dental schools in the majority of the countries, (4) most countries, with the exception of Japan, lack adequate number of dentists trained in geriatric dentistry as well as training programs, and (5) geriatric dentistry-related research has increased in recent years in scope and content, although the majority of these papers are not in English.
This paper highlights the typical clinical features of aggressive periodontitis (formerly known as juvenile periodontitis in the South Western region of Nigeria), the attending psychological effect following tooth loss, and the rehabilitative management offered which included periodontal therapy, psychotherapy, and prosthetic replacement of the missing teeth. The psychotherapy is the main distinguishing treatment in this study from previously reported modes of management of this disease entity.Subjects were from a part of the South Western region of Nigeria, and ages ranged from 15 to 22 years. They all presented very late with subsequent gross periodontal breakdown and subsequent psychological depression. The mean values of the probing depth (mm), degree of mobility, and the amount of bone fill (mm) from the periapical radiographs were recorded pre and post-operatively. The missing teeth were replaced with acrylic dentures, and psychotherapy was offered at three levels (individual, group, and conjoint-family psychotherapy).There was significant improvement of these clinical parameters six months after treatment, and the partial denture replacement of the missing teeth improved their appearance as expected but did not totally improve the initial depressive state. The psychotherapy offered gave the patients positive psychological effects that further restored their ability to socialize in their environment, which added to their positive experience of life. Abstract © Seer Publishing
A previous Nigerian study had reported high incidence of periodontal disease in young Nigerians though global studies show the contrary. Aim: To determine the periodontal status and treatment needs of adolescents attending private and public secondary schools in Ibadan, south-western Nigeria. Methods: One thousand, five hundred and twenty two secondary school children in Ibadan were assessed. Sociodemographic data was obtained using a data extraction form. Intraoral examination was performed on all participants. Oral cleanliness was assessed using the plaque index of Silness and Loe, while periodontal health status and treatment needs were assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Only eight participants (0.5%) had healthy component of periodontal status. The mean plaque index was 1.12±0.41. The CPITN scores varied significantly with the gender of participants (p<0.001). Number of sextants affected by periodontal diseases varied significantly with the socioeconomic status (p=0.02). Conclusions: Gingival ill-health is prevalent among adolescent Nigerians with a great need for oral hygiene instructions and professional cleaning. There is need for oral health education among this sub-population of Nigerian children and provision of mobile dental clinics to help meet their treatment needs.
Aims:The aim of this study was to assess the effect of tobacco smoking on gingival health and the oral hygiene status of respondents.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 213 adults from three communities in the Ibadan North local government was carried out. Respondents were divided into two groups comprising of 117 smokers (cases) and 96 non-smokers (control). Intra oral examination was done using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) and Gingival index (GI).Results:The mean age of the smokers was 31.2 ± 12.6 years and that of the non-smokers 32.8 ± 9.5 years. The mean Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) was 1.15 ± 0.51 for the non-smokers and 2.19 ± 0.62 for the smokers (P < 0.05). The mean GI was 1.06 ± 0.55 for the non-smokers and 1.62 ± 0.58 for the smokers (P < 0.05).Conclusion:The study shows that smoking is associated with increased severity of gingival disease. It is, therefore, recommended that smokers should be encouraged to visit a dentist for preventive procedure more regularly than the non-smokers and better still, smokers should be encouraged to quit smoking as gingival disease is not without consequences if allowed to persist.
BackgroundVery little is known about how self-reported gingival bleeding affects the oral health-related quality of life in adolescents compared with clinically evident bleeding. This study aimed to compare the impact of self-reported gingival bleeding and clinically evident gingival bleeding on the oral health-related quality of life in young adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 976 students (aged 10–14 years) in randomly selected primary schools in Ibadan. Data were obtained by oral examination and completion of the Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance Questionnaire. Data were analysed with SPSS version 24. The Mann Whitney U test was used to determine the association between gingival bleeding and the quality of life.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 11.4±1.3 years. Almost half (48.3%) of the participants reported gingival bleeding during tooth cleaning while the gingiva of 534 (54.7%) participants bled on examination. Pupils with self-reported bleeding suffered a significantly greater impact on their overall quality of life than those without self-reported bleeding (mean ranks: 528.1 vs. 451.6, P<0.001). For pupils with self-reported bleeding, there were higher impacts on all domains relating to quality of life than those who did not report bleeding (eating: mean ranks=521.0 vs. 458.2; speaking: 502.2 vs. 475.8; teeth cleaning: 522.7 vs. 456.7; sleeping: 497.7 vs. 456.7; showing teeth/smiling: 503.4 vs. 474.6; emotional stability: 501.1 vs. 476.8; school work: 492.4 vs. 484.9, and enjoying contact with other children: 494.0 vs. 483.4). There was no statistically significant association between clinically evident bleeding and impacts on the quality of life (P=0.272).ConclusionAlmost half of the students reported gingival bleeding while cleaning their teeth and over 50% experienced gingival bleeding on probing. Those with self-reporting of gingival bleeding had greater impacts on oral health-related quality of life compared with those with clinically evident bleeding.
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