Self-reported and clinically evident gingival bleeding and impact on oral health-related quality of life in young adolescents: a comparative study

Abstract

BackgroundVery little is known about how self-reported gingival bleeding affects the oral health-related quality of life in adolescents compared with clinically evident bleeding. This study aimed to compare the impact of self-reported gingival bleeding and clinically evident gingival bleeding on the oral health-related quality of life in young adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving 976 students (aged 10–14 years) in randomly selected primary schools in Ibadan. Data were obtained by oral examination and completion of the Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance Questionnaire. Data were analysed with SPSS version 24. The Mann Whitney U test was used to determine the association between gingival bleeding and the quality of life.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 11.4±1.3 years. Almost half (48.3%) of the participants reported gingival bleeding during tooth cleaning while the gingiva of 534 (54.7%) participants bled on examination. Pupils with self-reported bleeding suffered a significantly greater impact on their overall quality of life than those without self-reported bleeding (mean ranks: 528.1 vs. 451.6, P<0.001). For pupils with self-reported bleeding, there were higher impacts on all domains relating to quality of life than those who did not report bleeding (eating: mean ranks=521.0 vs. 458.2; speaking: 502.2 vs. 475.8; teeth cleaning: 522.7 vs. 456.7; sleeping: 497.7 vs. 456.7; showing teeth/smiling: 503.4 vs. 474.6; emotional stability: 501.1 vs. 476.8; school work: 492.4 vs. 484.9, and enjoying contact with other children: 494.0 vs. 483.4). There was no statistically significant association between clinically evident bleeding and impacts on the quality of life (P=0.272).ConclusionAlmost half of the students reported gingival bleeding while cleaning their teeth and over 50% experienced gingival bleeding on probing. Those with self-reporting of gingival bleeding had greater impacts on oral health-related quality of life compared with those with clinically evident bleeding.

Assessing association of dental caries with child oral impact on daily performance using directed acyclic graphs; a cross-sectional study of adolescents in Copperbelt province, Zambia

“…Females are also reported to be more affected than males [9] although some studies did not nd any sex differences [10,11]. Some studies in SSA report no age difference in the prevalence of oral impacts [10,12] while others have found that older adolescents tend to report oral impacts more frequently than their younger counterparts [9]. Similar age distribution of C-OIDP has also been observed in studies from high-income countries [2].…”

“…Adolescents with dental caries report oral impacts about one to ve times more often than those without [7]. Gingivitis is also related to oral impacts as reported in some studies although to a lesser extent than dental caries [8,9]. Independent of clinical measures of oral diseases, C-OIDP has been associated with sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors in various populations, showing that the poor, socially disadvantaged, and those living in rural areas are most negatively affected (2,7,10).…”

“…Independent of clinical measures of oral diseases, C-OIDP has been associated with sociodemographic, behavioral, and psychological factors in various populations, showing that the poor, socially disadvantaged, and those living in rural areas are most negatively affected (2,7,10). Females are also reported to be more affected than males [9] although some studies did not nd any sex differences [10,11]. Some studies in SSA report no age difference in the prevalence of oral impacts [10,12] while others have found that older adolescents tend to report oral impacts more frequently than their younger counterparts [9].…”

Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de los padres respecto a la salud bucal de sus hijos en el hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, en tiempos de pandemia COVID-19

“…La salud bucal es indispensable para conseguir el bienestar general; cuando existe dolor dentario o sangrado gingival en un niño se afecta su calidad de vida [1][2][3][4][5] . La caries es la enfermedad más prevalente en la cavidad oral, siendo su principal problema etiológico la alta frecuencia de ingesta de azúcares libres, en los niños se debe limitar su consumo mediante alimentos y bebidas que lo contengan 6,7 .…”