In January 2014, The Economist published an influential article titled "A Cambrian Moment," which explained a millisecond in time 540 million years ago when life forms began to multiply on earth. The article claimed that something similar is happening now in the economic world due to the force of disruptive new technologies. An entrepreneurial explosion fueled by technological change is transforming the foundations of almost every industry. Digital startups are spawning an astonishing variety of new products and business models. The disruption has hitherto penetrated a stable, oligopolistic industry dominated by a few big players that
The role of a leader is fundamental to increase organizational culture and facilitate employee engagement. However, organizations are not providing clear guidance on how to do it. This study aims to determine the relationship between leadership styles and employee engagement as well as to understand whether there is a correlation between an engaged employee and extra effort. The study uses a Multi-Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ-5x Rater Form) to measure employee perception of the leader styles and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17) to determine employee engagement. The scope of the study is limited to a sample of 167 employees from 7 different multinational companies and 31 different nationalities.Results show that all the transformational behaviors and, concretely the idealized behavior, are significantly positively related to work engagement in multinational environments. Results also reveal a strong correlation between employee engagement and extra effort. The study concludes that leaders or managers should use transformational behaviors if they want to increase engagement and extra effort with their teams. They should increase transformational behaviors like being transparent, consistent, and having a strong sense of purpose to catalyze a collective engagement. These results expand previous studies of transformational leadership and work engagement in multinational environments.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is changing the rules of the game in many industries. This case details how the combination of open innovation and artificial intelligence generates new opportunities in the tourism sector. Specifically, how to create new customer experiences through searching tools, social platforms and cognitive interfaces to make intelligent decisions. The authors show that it is possible to increase tourist satisfaction by offering a set of customized activities and experiences according to their personal characteristics and motivations. The combination of cutting-edge digital technologies makes it possible to design new services in an automated and cost-affordable manner. The experience has been carried out in Lanzarote (Canary Islands, Spain), with support of IBM's Watson system. This is a good example of AI-fueled innovation in services, which is adequate for courses on innovation, technology, entrepreneurship and competitive strategy.
Objetivo: El artículo analiza cuáles son los factores sociodemográficos, rasgos de personalidad y variables endógenas y exógenas de viabilidad que ejercen una mayor influencia en la conducta del estudiante emprendedor de los grados universitarios de enfermería y fisioterapia. Método: El esquema teórico se basa en el modelo del potencial emprendedor de Krueger y Brazeal, desarrollado a partir de los modelos del evento emprendedor de Shapero y Sokol, y de la teoría de la conducta planificada de Ajzen. El estudio identifica las variables clave en la percepción de deseabilidad y viabilidad que afectan directamente a la credibilidad emprendedora del estudiante. La muestra está formada por 302 estudiantes de grados de ciencias de la salud (122 de enfermería y 180 de fisioterapia). Resultados: La ecuación del modelo de credibilidad emprendedora determina la gran incidencia de las variables de percepción de viabilidad, especialmente de la autoeficacia y de la creatividad e innovación. El modelo incluye también las variables de esfuerzo y perseverancia, desempleo y financiación. Conclusiones: Los programas formativos orientados al desarrollo de la competencia del emprendimiento serán efectivas, si inciden en factores de personalidad como apertura, propensión al riesgo, responsabilidad y motivación del logro, pues todas ellas inciden directamente en la variable clave de creatividad e innovación. El estudio también destaca que los estudiantes de fisioterapia son más emprendedores que los estudiantes de enfermería. : Palabras clave: Credibilidad Emprendedora; Autoeficacia; Creatividad e Innovación; Esfuerzo y Perseverancia; Desempleo; Financiación. ABSTRACT:Objective: This paper analyses social and demographic factors, personality traits and the endogenous and exogenous variables of feasibility in order to find out the ones that generate the greatest influence on the entrepreneurial behaviour from physiotherapy and nursing students.
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