According to the Annual Report of the National Commission on Anti-Violence Against Women, cases of sexual violence continue to increase each year. The data shows that Indonesia needs regulations that protect victims of sexual violence. So far there has been no legislation that accommodates the whole of crimes and sexual violence resulting in a vacancy and uncertainness of the law. Indonesia needs laws that can complement its special nature governing and carrying out all forms of sexual violence (lex specialis propensionem sexualem identitatemque). So the existence of laws specifically governing sexual violence is critical to providing guaranteed protection and legal certainty for victims of sexual violence in a more perfect range. The withdrawal of the MCC Bill from Prolegnas is clearly not the answer to the growing problem of sexual violence. So by conducting this research will be a clue to the urgency of the Sexual Violence Elimination Bill which encourages the certainty of legalization. This research conducted by library review method which will produce a research analysis of the impact that will occur due to the delay in the ratification of the MCC Bill with the enactment of the Criminal Law Bill (RKUHP) as it is currently.
Environmental pollution in Balikpapan Bay due to the leaking of Pertamina oil pipeline is a serious problem because it pollutes the marine ecosystem, resulting in disruption of environmental functions. However, the pollution caused by the burst pipeline due to the anchor of the MV Judger vessel cannot be directly imposed by the accountability mechanism as stipulated in Law on Environmental Protection and Management because there is no single factor in the incident. This paper aims to construct the form of accountability that must be done when an environmental pollution cannot be found as a single factor of error and involves the subject of international law outside the jurisdiction of the country where the pollution occurs. The type of research used is normative juridical. The result shows that joint accountability in the perspective of civil law is the best solution because the absence of a single factor and the existence of force majeure require that the parties involved in the shipping also be responsible for the pollution.
The conflict between Russia and Ukraine in February 2022 began with the intervention of the
Russian army into the sovereign territory of Ukraine without a declaration of war. Therefore, this conflict
must be categorized as whether it is included in a non-international armed conflict or an international armed
conflict in order to be able to resolve it. As a result, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine is included in
the category of International Armed Conflict because it fulfils the conditions carried out by the state and the
intensity of attacks from combatants of the two countries.
Pada awal pembentukannya, ASEAN hanyalah dijadikan sebuah wadah untuk menjalin kerjasama dalam bidang sosial, ekonomi, politik, dan budaya di kawasan Asia Tenggara oleh para anggotanya. Seiring dengan berkembanganya, maka, pada tahun 2008, ASEAN diubah dari sebuah loose association menjadi rule based organization melalui ASEAN Charter 2007. penulis meneliti mengenai kekuatan legal personality ASEAN sebagai subjek hukum internasional yang mempunyai kapasitas untuk melakukan suatu tindakan dalam hubungan internasional, terutama kepada negara-negara anggotanya kaitannya erat dengan era MEA.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, penulis menemukan bahwa legal personality ASEAN dapat dijadikan sebagai sebuah dasar (“groundwork”) penyelesaian sengketa negara-negara anggotanya.maka ASEAN harus mengoptimalkan beberapa instrument penyelesaian sengketa, seperti TAC 1976, dan ASEAN Charter 2007. Tingginya heterogenitas antar negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara, baik dari segi ekonomi, sosial, pollitik, dan budaya sehingga dibentuknya ASEAN Community 2015 (“khususnya dalam bidang politik–keamanan”). Menghadapi beberapa kendala tersebut, penulis menemukan bahwa untuk mewujudkan sentralitas ASEAN sebagai institusi penjaga perdamaian di kawasan Asia Tenggara, maka ASEAN harus mempunyai lembaga penyelesaian sengketa yang netral dan kompeten (ASEAN Dispute Settlement Body); selain itu, negara-negara anggota harus mau untuk menurunkan kadar “kedaulatan” dan “non-intervention” apabila ingin menjadikan ASEAN sebagai rule based organization. Kata Kunci : Legal Personality, Penyelesaian Sengketa Internasional, ASEAN Charter 2007.
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