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years; having no education or only primary education completed; and having a history of STI. In total, 1,462 HIV infections were newly diagnosed among MSM during 2003-2007. Of these, 31.% were diagnosed with other STI at the same time. Factors associated with STI co-infection among new HIV cases in MSM were being Latin American; and having sex with casual partners or with both steady and casual partners. In Spain, a considerable proportion of MSM are co-infected with HIV and STI.

HR-HPV prevalence is very high in FSW and varies by geographic origin. Women of younger age and lower education level and those engaged in sex work for <1 year showed the highest prevalence, making them a priority group for cervical cancer prevention programs.

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Our data show that FSWs have both a higher incidence and a higher persistence of HR-HPV than WGP and should be prioritized in HPV-related cancer screening programs.

BackgroundGonorrhoea infection is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections and an important cause of morbidity and serious complications. The objectives of this paper are: a) to describe gonorrhoea cases diagnosed in a network of 15 (out of 16) STI clinics in Spain during 2006–2010; b) to analyse differences among men who have sex with men (MSM), men who have sex exclusively with women (MSW) and women; and c) to evaluate factors associated to with HIV co-infection.MethodsAll gonorrhoea cases diagnosed in the network were included (25.7% of total cases notified in Spain). Data were collected by clinical staff. Descriptive/bivariate analyses were carried out stratifying by sex and transmission category; association and trends were evaluated using the chi-square test. Factors associated with HIV co-infection were estimated using a logistic regression model.Results2385 cases were included: 55.3% among MSM, 31.3% among MSW and 13.3% among females; cases among MSM increased from 55.8% in 2006 to 62.9% in 2010 while no trends were found among the other two groups.Most MSM cases were Spaniards (72%), aged 25–34 years (46%), 49% reported previous STI and 25% concurrent STI (excluding HIV); casual partners were the commonest source of infection, and 21% of cases had rectal gonorrhoea. MSW cases did not differ from MSM by age, origin or source of infection, but frequencies of prior or concurrent STI were lower. Female cases were younger than male, were mostly foreigners (58%), and 41% were sex workers; concurrent STI (other than HIV) were diagnosed in 30%; 20.4% had symptoms (72.5% and 89.2% in MSM and MSW), and pharyngeal location was present in 30%.HIV co-infection was highest in MSM (20.9%). Co-infection was associated with age > 35 years, low educational level, being Western European or Latin-American, being MSM, having previous or concurrent STI and reporting contact with an HIV-infected partner; it was inversely associated with female sex.ConclusionDifferences by sex, transmission route and origin should be considered when implementing care and preventive programmes for gonorrhoea, and MSM are a priority group for intervention, in particular HIV-infected MSM.

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BackgroundGender has been lately suggested as influential in the response to treatment with biological drugs in spondyloarthritis, such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA). However, data about the association between gender and treatment response in axial PsA (axPsA) or peripheral PsA (pPsA) are scarce.ObjectivesTo analyze the association between gender and clinical response to biological therapy in patients with axPsA and pPsA.MethodsAn observational cohort study was conducted, prospectively collecting data from 108 patients treated with biological therapy (93% TNFi and 7% IL-17i) from 2002-2018. Patients were divided into two groups according to their clinical predominant manifestation: axPsA or pPsA. Disease activity indexes (ASDAS and BASDAI for axPsA and DAPSA and DAS28 for PsA) were collected before starting drug and 6 months later (baseline and 6m visit, respectively). Low disease activity (LDA) was defined as aSDAS <2.1 or BASDAI <4 (axPsA) and DAPSA ≤14 or DAS28 ≤ 3.2 (pPsA). Clinical improvement was defined as an improvement ≥ 1.1 points in aSDAS (dASDAS) or 50% in BASDAI (BASDAI50) for axPsA, and an improvement of 50% in DAPSA (DAPSA50) or dDAS28 ≥ 1.2. First, the frequency of male- and female-patients achieving LDA and clinical improvement at 6m were compared using Fisher test, separately for axPsA and pPsA. Second, the association between gender and each of the clinical outcomes was analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for confounders (age, disease duration, previous biologics, smoking habit, body mass index (BMI), baseline DMARDs and baseline disease activity (ASDAS or BASDAI for axPsA and DAPSA or DAS28 for pPsA).ResultsOut of 108 included patients, 55 (51%) had predominant axPsA and 54 (49%) pPsA. In the group of axPsA, 35 (64%) were males, 33 (60%) were non-smokers, 33 (60%) had a BMI ≥25, with mean (SD) baseline disease activity of aSDAS: 3.3 (1.0) and BASDAI: 5.4 (2.0). The frequency of patients achieving clinical response was higher in males than females (LDA: 74% vs 37%; p=0.02, respectively) (Table 1). After adjusting for confounders, male gender was significantly associated with higher probability of achieving LDA (ASDAS OR=4.4; p=0.03 and BASDAI OR=6.0; p=0.01), and clinical improvement (dASDAS: OR=4.8; p=0.04 and BASDAI50: OR=5.19; p=0.03). In the group of pPsA, 20 (37%) were males, 37 (68%) were non-smokers, 34 (63%) had a BMI ≥25, with mean (SD) baseline disease activity indexes of DAPSA: 26 (14.9) and DAS 28: 4.8 (1.2). The frequency of patients achieving LDA was higher in males than females (74% vs 39%; p=0.02, respectively). After adjusting for cofounders, male gender was independently associated with higher probability of achieving LDA by DAPSA (OR=4.0; p=0.03) and DAS28 (OR= 2.1; p=0.3). Finally, an association between male gender and clinical improvement was also observed but this was statistically significant only when using dDAS28 as the outcome: OR=2.9; p=0.1 for DAPSA50 and OR=5.8; p=0.02 dDAS28.ConclusionMale gender is associated with a higher rate of response to biolog...