Jamur merupakan bahan pangan alternatif yang disukai oleh masyarakat. Jamur tiram Pleurotus sp. merupakan jenis jamur kayu yang memiliki kandungan nutrisi lebih tinggi dari jenis jamur lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan limbah ampas tebu sebagai media pertumbuhan dan produktivitas jamur tiram, serta untuk mengetahui waktu tumbuh miselium, waktu tumbuh badan buah, menghitung diameter tudung buah, menghitung berat basah dan berat kering badan buah dengan pemberian beberapa perlakuan ampas tebu pada media pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Pebruari-Juni 2017 di BTP Jalan Kejayaan Selatan IX Blok K/ No. 224, Kecamatan Tamalanrea, Kabupaten Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, sehingga keseluruhan terdapat 15 baglog yang digunakan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik pada uji ANOVA dan diuji lanjut menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dengan tingkat kepercayaan 0,05%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu tumbuh miselium tercepat yaitu pada P5 (100% Ampas Tebu) dengan rata-rata 5,67 hari, waktu tumbuh badan buah tercepat yaitu pada P2 (25% Ampas Tebu) dengan rata-rata 61 hari, diameter tudung buah tertinggi yaitu pada P4 (75% Ampas Tebu) dengan rata-rata 10,67 cm, berat basah badan buah tertinggi yaitu pada P4 (75% Ampas Tebu) dengan rata-rata 126,67 g, dan berat kering badan buah tertinggi yaitu pada P1 (0% Ampas Tebu) dengan rata-rata 20 g.Kata Kunci : Jamur Tiram Pleurotus sp., Serbuk gergaji kayu jati, Ampas tebu.
The mangrove ecosystem has a higher ability of CO 2 absorption than other vegetations. However, the effort to establish the mangrove to be a carbon stock area has not been achieved. Makassar has Tallo River, covered with mangrove vegetation along its riverbank, which is potent to be managed as a green open space. The observations indicated that Tallo River was located in the center part of Makassar city and was dominated by Nypa fruticans along the riverbanks in 18,514 trees and a density of 4,256 trees/ha, stored carbon of 21.82 tons C/ha, and absorbs 80.02 tons CO 2 /ha. Rhizophora mucronata was the second dominant species in 8.492 trees and density of 2,352 trees/ha, stored carbon of 19.94 tons C/ha, and absorbs 73.13 tons CO 2 /ha. The third dominant species was Avicennia alba in 2,421 trees and density of 3,228 trees/ha, stored carbon of 263.85 tons C/ha, and absorbs 197.89 tons CO 2 /ha. The density and ability to absorb values of the mangrove is highly suitable to be managed for a green open space to supply fresh air and CO 2. INTISARI Ekosistem mangrove memiliki kemampuan menyerap CO 2 lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan vegetasi tumbuhan lainnya. Namun upaya pengelolaannya sebagai kawasan penyimpan stok karbon masih belum maksimal. Kota Makassar memiliki Sungai Tallo yang sepanjang bantarannya ditumbuhi oleh vegetasi mangrove dan sangat potensial untuk dikelola sebagai ruang terbuka hijau. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa Sungai Tallo terletak tepat di tengah kota Makassar dan sepanjang bantaran sungai didominasi oleh spesies Nypa fruticans dengan jumlah 18.514 pohon dan kerapatan 4.256 pohon/ha, menyimpan karbon sebesar 21,82 ton C/ha, menyerap 80,02 ton CO 2 /ha. Spesies dominan kedua adalah Rhizophora mucronata dengan jumlah 8.492 pohon dan kerapatan 2.352 pohon/ha, menyimpan karbon sebesar 19,94 ton C/ha, menyerap 73,13 ton CO 2 /ha. Spesies dominan ketiga yaitu Avicennia alba dengan jumlah 2.421 pohon dan kerapatan 3.228 pohon/ha, KATA KUNCI ekosistem mangrove kerapatan mangrove serapan karbon stok karbon Sungai Tallo
Research on the characterization of stromata leaves of herbal plants Andredera cordifolia and Gratophyllum pictum in Makassar. This study aims to determine the morphological structure of leaves and stomata leaves that are used as herbal plants. Stomata data was used by acetone to get stomata mold, the data were analyzed descriptively. The result of research show that Andredera cordifolia are anisocytic stomata type, 30 stomata/mm2 abaxial stomata, 512 epidermis/mm2 and 368 epidermis/mm2 abaxial, potato stomata spreading in both leaf surface, bigger abaxial stomata size 887,330 μm , longest abaxial stomata greater than 25 μm and 8.0% stomata index. Gratophyllum pictum type stomata diasistik, stomata number 292 stomata/mm2, number of epidermis adaxial 1400 epidermis/mm2 and abaxial 1080 epidermis/mm2, apple stomata spread, staple abaxial smaller size 682,560 μm, and stomata index 21,3%.
Penelitian jenis-jenis tumbuhan berkhasiat obat tradisional di masyarakat Desa Yanim dan Braso, Distrik Kemtuk Gresi, Kabupaten Jayapura, telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2016 – Januari 2017, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis tumbuhan berkhasiat obat tradisional yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat di Desa Yanim dan Braso Distrik Kemtuk Gresi Kabupaten Jayapura. Identifikasi sampel tumbuhan dilakukan di Laboratorium Botani, Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksploratif yang bersifat deskriptif yang dilakukan dengan metode jelajah Cruised method, sedangkan informasi mengenai pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat dilakukan dengan metode Participatory Rural Appraisal yang berupa kuisioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis-jenis tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Desa Yanim dan Braso Distrik Kemtuk Gresi Kabupaten Jayapura menunjukkan bahwa jumlah keseluruhan tumbuhan yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat desa desa setempat adalah 57 jenis tumbuhan dari 35 Familia dan 2 Classis yaitu Monocotyledoneae dan Dicotyledoneae. Jumlah jenis tumbuhan obat yang dimanfaatkan di Desa Yanim yaitu 30 jenis dan di Desa Braso 55 jenis. Organ tumbuhan yang paling banyak dimanfaatkan adalah daun (66,7%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah biji (1,78%). Cara pengolahan tumbuhan obat yang paling banyak dilakukan dengan cara direbus (71,4%) dan paling sedikit dengan cara dikunyah (3,57%) dan diremas-remas (3,57%).
The use of medicine as oral hypoglycemic and insulin have some limitation, the treatment for diabetics needs more expensive cost relatively because it uses in the long term and can give the unwanted side effect. At the recent time, one of the conducted efforts is by using the plant as alternative medicine. This research aims to know the potential of leaves’ extract and to know the effectiveness of siam weed leaves extract’s dosage which most effectivein lowering the level of blood glucose in mice which is induced by alloxan. On this research, anti-diabetic effect of siam weed leaves was observed to male mice which had been induced by alloxan until the level of blood glucose >200 mg/dl. The given treatment orally was conducted during seven days with three variations of dosage concentration of infused extract, they are 5%, 10% and 20 %. Furthermore, it was also used the comparison i.e. infused extract of cinnamon bark with 10 % concentration. Data analyse used SPSS 23.0 program with one way ANOVA then was continued by using Duncan test. The research result shows that the siam weed leaves extract with dosage concentration 5%, 10% and 20% can decrease blood glucose level on mice that have suffered hyperglycemia and most effective on 20%. Thus, it can be concluded that siam weed leaves extract have the potential in lowering blood glucose.
Indonesia has around 4000 wood species, and 10% (400) of species are categorized as commercial wood. One species is kayu kuku (Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites), native to Southeast Sulawesi. This species is considered a fancy wood used for sawn timber, veneer, plywood, carving, and furniture. The high demand for wood caused excessive logging and threatened its sustainability. In addition, planting P. mooniana has presented several challenges, including seedling production, viability and germination rate, nursery technology, and silviculture techniques. As a result, the genera of Pericopsis, including P. elata (Europe), P. mooniana (Sri Lanka), and P. angolenses (Africa), have been listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) Appendix. Based on The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, P. mooniana is categorized as Vulnerable (A1cd). This conservation status has raised issues regarding its biodiversity, conservation, and sustainability in the near future. This paper aims to review the conservation of potential and endangered species of P. mooniana and highlight some efforts for its species conservation and sustainable use in Indonesia. The method used is a systematic literature review based on P. mooniana’s publication derived from various reputable journal sources and additional literature sources. The results revealed that the future demand for P. mooniana still increases significantly due to its excellent wood characteristics. This high demand should be balanced with both silviculture techniques and conservation efforts. The silviculture of P. mooniana has been improved through seed storage technology, improved viability and germination rates, proper micro and macro propagation, applying hormones, in vitro seed storage, improved nursery technology, and harvesting techniques. P. mooniana conservation can be conducted with both in situ and ex situ conservation efforts. In situ conservation is carried out by protecting its mother trees in natural conditions (i.e., Lamedae Nature Reserve) for producing good quality seeds and seedlings. Ex situ conservation is realized by planting seeds and seedlings to produce more wood through rehabilitating and restoring critical forests and lands due to its ability to adapt to marginal land and mitigate climate change. Other actions required for supporting ex situ conservation are preventing illegal logging, regeneration, conservation education, reforestation, agroforestry system applied in private and community lands, and industrial forest plantations.
Research on the analysis of the anatomy of the stomatal and trichomes of the medicinal plant Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau in Makassar City. This study aims to determine the anatomical structure of the stomatal and trichomes of longitudinal cross-section of leaves that are used as herbal medicines. This research method was used to spread acetone to obtain stomatal prints on the leaf surface, the data were analyzed descriptively. The results of the analysis of the anatomy of the stomatal and trichomes of leaves of the medicinal plant Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau was a diacytic type of stomatal, the spread of stomatal was only found on the surface of the abaxial leaf including the apple type. The number of abaxial stomatal was 160 stomatal/mm2. The number of epidermal cells was 748 epidermis/mm2 and abaxial 504 epidermis/mm2, stomatal index 23.95%, and stomatal size 159.26 µm. On the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of the leaves of Dandang Gendis Clinacanthus nutans (Burm.f.) Lindau, glandular and lithocyst trichomes were encountered.
This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.
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