Background: Medical students are a vulnerable population to develop depression and anxiety disor-

Resumo ObjetivoAvaliar o impacto das necessidades ortodônticas tecnicamente definidas (critérios normativos) sobre a satisfação com a aparência e a mastigação e compará-las com as autopercebidas (critérios subjetivos) em um grupo de adolescentes. Métodos Foi realizado um estudo transversal com a totalidade dos alunos entre 14 e 18 anos de idade (n=315) de um colégio em Florianópolis, SC, Brasil, em 1999. Uma cirurgiã-dentista realizou os exames clínicos para diagnóstico das principais oclusopatias (Dental Aesthetic Index) e aplicou um questionário para conhecer a satisfação dos indivíduos quanto a aparência, mastigação e percepção das necessidades de tratamento ortodôntico. Foi utilizada análise de regressão logística múltipla para conhecer o impacto de cada oclusopatia sobre a percepção dos indivíduos a respeito dos problemas oclusais. Resultados Obtiveram-se alta taxa de resposta (95%) e alta concordância intra-examinadora (Kappa 0,6 a 1,0). A prevalência de pelo menos um tipo de oclusopatia foi de 71,3%. Presença de apinhamento incisal (OR=2,8 [1,9]) e overjet (trespasse horizontal) (OR=2,4[1,4-4,3]) foram fatores de risco para insatisfação com a aparência. Adolescentes que apresentaram irregularidade anterior da mandíbula (OR=3,3 [1,9]), overjet (OR=1,7 [1,1-3,0]) e diastema anterior (OR=3,1 [1,[4][5][6]9]) apresentaram maior percepção para a necessidade de tratamento ortodôntico. Conclusões Os resultados sugerem que existem graus de problemas oclusais tecnicamente definidos que são aceitáveis pela população e que devem influenciar na decisão de tratamento, interferindo diretamente na demanda para esse tipo de atendimento. Medidas subjetivas poderiam ser incorporadas aos critérios clínicos atualmente utilizados. Abstract ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of objectively defined orthodontic needs (normative criteria) on the external aspect and mastigation's satisfaction, and to compare these needs to self-perceived ones (subjective criteria) among adolescents.

The aim of this report is to describe general and methodological characteristics of a cohort study in southern Brazil (Coorte Brasil Sul), aimed at understanding the impact of the first 1,000 days of life on children's health. It is a cohort study involving all children born in 2009 and their families living in the municipality of Palhoça, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Face-to-face interviews with parents at home using a structured questionnaire and children's physical and clinical examinations at schools have been carried out. Crosssectional analyzes, longitudinal comparisons and hierarquical regression analysis will allow understanding if the first 1,000 days of life can influence on 6-year-old children's health. The Coorte Brasil Sul is in its retrospective phase together with the children's physical data collection. Preliminary data (n=1270) related to nutritional status point to a high prevalence of overweight (16.4%) and obesity (15.5%). With the continuity of the study, it is expected to evaluate if the first phases of life can influence health during adolescence and in adult life, mainly in relation to chronic diseases.

Objetivo: O estudo objetiva conhecer os fatores associados à realização da episiotomia no parto vaginal. Metodologia: Estudo transversal envolvendo 330 partos, de janeiro/2012 a dezembro/2013. Estudou-se a associação das variáveis independentes com a realização da episiotomia por meio de cálculo de razões de prevalência e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança, com nível de significância p < 0,05. Resultados: Na amostra estudada, 224 (67,9%) pacientes não realizaram episiotomia e 106 (32,1%) realizaram o procedimento. A idade média foi de 22,9 (± 5,9) anos e a episiotomia foi mais realizada naquelas com idade inferior a 20 anos [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15; 2,25)] (p = 0,005). As mulheres com mais de 8 anos completos de estudo foram significativamente mais submetidas à episiotomia que as demais [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p < 0,001). Conclusão: A realização da episiotomia nesta população ocorreu com maior prevalência nas parturientes mais jovens e com maior escolaridade.Descritores: Episiotomia; Fatores associados; Parto vaginalEVALUATION OF THE DETERMINANT FACTORS TO EPISIOTOMY IN VAGINAL DELIVERYObjective: This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with its performance in vaginal delivery. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 330 births, from January / 2012 to December / 2013. The association of the independente variables with episiotomy was calculated by prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals, with significance level p < 0.05. Results: In the studied sample, 224 (67.9%) patients did not undergo episiotomy and 106 (32.1%) had the procedure. The mean age was 22.9 ± 5.9 years and the episiotomy was more frequently performed in those younger than 20 years old [PR 1.61 (95% CI 1.15; 2.25)] (p = 0.005). Women with more than 8 years of education were significantly more likely to undergo episiotomy than the others [PR 2.34 (95% CI 1.70; 3.22)] (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The episiotomy, in this population, occured more likely in younger and more educated parturients.Descriptors: Episiotomy; Associated factors; Vaginal birthEVALUACIÓN DE LOS FACTORES DETERMINANTES A LA REALIZACIÓN DE LA EPISIOTOMÍA EN EL PARTO VAGINALObjetivo: El estudio tiene como objetivo conocer los factores asociados a la realización de la episiotomía en el parto vaginal. Metodología: Estudio transversal que involucra 330 partos, de enero/2012 a diciembre/2013, para la asociación de las variables independientes con la episiotomía por razones de prevalencia y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza, con p <0,05. Resultados: En la muestra, 224 (67,9%) pacientes no realizaron episiotomía y 106 (32,1%) realizaron el procedimiento. La edad media fue de 22,9 (± 5,9) años y la episiotomía fue más realizada en aquellas con edad inferior a 20 años [RP 1,61 (IC 95% 1,15, 2,25)] (p = 0,005) ). Las mujeres con más de 8 años completos de estudio fueron significativamente más sometidas a la episiotomía que las demás [RP 2,34 (IC 95% 1,70; 3,22)] (p <0,001). Conclusión: La realización de la episiotomía ocurrió con mayor prevalencia en las parturientas más jóvenes y con mayor escolaridad.Descriptores: Episiotomía; Factores asociados; Parto vaginal

ResumoIntrodução: A cárie dentária na adolescência continua sendo um importante problema de saúde pública; entretanto, a sua relação com os fatores psicológicos é pouco estudada. Objetivo: Estudar a possível associação entre aspectos de autoestima e cárie dentária em adolescentes. Material e método: Estudo transversal envolvendo amostra de 409 adolescentes de 13 municípios do sul do Brasil. A cárie foi avaliada segundo critérios da Organização Mundial da Saúde e a autoestima, pela Escala de Rosenberg. O teste do qui-quadrado foi utilizado para determinar a significância estatística das associações. Para ajustar para variáveis de confusão, foi utilizada a regressão loglinear de Poisson com estimativa robusta. Resultado: Foram observadas associações positivas entre presença de dentes cariados e alguns aspectos da escala de autoestima: "Às vezes, eu acho que não presto para nada" (p <0,001); "Eu gostaria de poder ter mais respeito comigo mesmo" (p=0,016), e "Eu, com certeza, me sinto inútil, às vezes" (p=0,022). Associação negativa foi observada com: "No conjunto, eu estou satisfeito comigo" (p=0,022). Na análise ajustada, os adolescentes com dentes cariados apresentaram maior prevalência de respostas positivas para a questão "Às vezes, eu acho que não presto para nada" [RP= 1,23 (IC 95% 1,05; 1,44)] e maior prevalência de respostas negativas para a questão "No conjunto, eu estou satisfeito comigo" [RP= 1,12 (IC 95% 1,02; 1,24)]. Conclusão: Aspectos da autoestima foram, independente e significativamente, associados com a presença de dentes cariados.Descritores: Cárie dentária; autoestima; adolescentes. AbstractIntroduction: Dental caries in adolescents remains an important public health problem, but its relationship with psychological factors are poorly studied. Objective: To study the possible association between aspects of self-esteem and dental caries in adolescents. Material and method: A cross-sectional study involving a sample of 409 adolescents from 13 Southern Brazilian municipalities was carried out. Dental caries status was assessed through the World Health Organization criteria. For questions related to self-esteem the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used. The outcomes were each question of the scale. The chi-square test was used to determine statistical significance of associations. To adjust for confounding variables, the Poisson loglinear with robust estimator was used. Result: Positive associations were observed for the presence of decayed teeth and "At times, I think I am no good at all" (p<0.001), "I wish I could have more respect for myself " (p= 0.016), "I certainly feel useless at times" (p= 0.022) and negative association with "On the whole, I am satisfied with myself " (p= 0.022). In the adjusted analysis, adolescents with decayed teeth had a higher prevalence of positive responses to "At times, I think I am no good at all" [(PR= 1.23 (CI 95% 1.05; 1.44)], and negative responses for "On the whole, I am satisfied with myself " [(PR= 1.12 (CI 95% 1.02; 1.24)]. Conclusion: Aspects of self-esteem ...

Introduction Open bite can generate relevant psychosocial impact in the daily life of the patient, both from the aesthetic and functional point of view. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the anterior open bite in children in the first school year in a municipality in southern Brazil. Material and method A cross-sectional study was carried out with six-year-old schoolchildren in Palhoça/SC. Interviews were conducted with mothers to gather socioeconomic and non-nutritive sucking habits information. Children oral clinical examinations were carried out in schools. Multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression with a robust estimator. The study involved 655 children, 50.5% being female. Result The prevalence of anterior open bite was 14.1% (95% CI 11.5; 16.7). Girls exhibited a lower prevalence [PR= 0.96 (95% CI 0.94; 0.99) p= 0.024] and those children who used a pacifier exhibited a higher prevalence of anterior open bite [PR= 1.04 (95% CI 1.01; 1.07) p= 0.003]. Conclusion The prevalence was 14.1% and that it was associated with gender and the use of pacifier, in a statistically significant and independent way.

Malocclusions are changes in the development of craniofacial structures of high prevalence. Associated risk factors are diverse and nutritional and non-nutritional suction habits are the most reported. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of malocclusions in the mixed dentition and to study possible association with practices of breastfeeding and suction habits among Brazilian schoolchildren. A cross-sectional study involving a sample of 664 6-year-old children and their families was carried out. Data collection was done through interviews with mothers in the homes and oral examinations of children in schools. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Poisson regression with a robust estimator. The prevalence of overjet over 4 mm was 21.1% and of posterior crossbite was 12.2%; 91.9% of the children were breastfed, 79.0% used a nursing bottle and 49.4% used a pacifier. Significant and independent associations were observed between father's unemployment, private school, interruption of breastfeeding before the fourth month and pacifier use with certain malocclusions. High rates of malocclusion were found in the studied sample. Socioeconomic conditions, breastfeeding practices and suction habits were shown to be statistically associated with their occurrence.

Objective: The aim of this study was to estimate 5-year survival and the burden of cancer in a medium-sized city in Southern Brazil. Methods: A cohort study was performed using governmental data of incidence and mortality from cancer at Florianopolis/SC, Southern Brazil. Survival rates were performed using Kaplan Meier methods and log-rank test to compare curves. Disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years lived with disability (YLD) and years of life lost (YLL) and age-standardized rates of each indicator were estimated. Results: Thyroid, prostate and melanoma of skin had higher survival rates. Cancers presenting the highest burden, in decreasing order, were thyroid, prostate, breast, trachea, bronchus and lung, followed by colon and rectum. Conclusion: The estimates in local level could be help the health services to improve their quality. Highest burden was related to thyroid, prostate and breast due to the highest survival rates. Other cancer as trachea, bronchus and lung, and colon and rectum had high burden due to mortality.