Intracoronary injection of alginate biomaterial is feasible, safe, and effective. Our findings suggest a new percutaneous intervention to improve infarct repair and prevent adverse remodeling after reperfused MI.

In this work, we examine the strength of deep learning approaches for pathology detection in chest radiographs. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) deep architecture classification approaches have gained popularity due to their ability to learn mid and high level image representations. We explore the ability of CNN learned from a non-medical dataset to identify different types of pathologies in chest x-rays. We tested our algorithm on a 433 image dataset. The best performance was achieved using CNN and GIST features. We obtained an area under curve (AUC) of 0.87-0.94 for the different pathologies. The results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting pathology in chest x-rays using deep learning approaches based on non-medical learning. This is a first-of-its-kind experiment that shows that Deep learning with ImageNet, a large scale non-medical image database may be a good substitute to domain specific representations, which are yet to be available, for general medical image recognition tasks.

Short MS, insufficient difference between MS length and implantation depth, and the presence of calcification in the basal septum, factors that may all facilitate mechanical compression of the conduction tissue by the implanted valve, predict conduction abnormalities after TAVI with self-expandable valves. CT assessment of membranous septal anatomy provides unique pre-procedural information about the patient-specific propensity for the risk of AV block.

Background/aims Erythropoiesis in long‐term hemodialyzed (LTH) patients is supported by erythropoietin (rHuEpo) and intravenous (IV) iron. This treatment may end up in iron overload (IO) in major organs. We studied such patients for the parameters of IO in the serum and in major organs. Methods Patients were treated with rHuEpo (6–8 x 103 units × 1–3/wk) and IV 100 mg ferric saccharate. Results Of 115 patients, 21 had serum ferritin (SF) > 1000 ng/mL. This group was further analyzed. Their SF and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were 2688 ± 1489 ng/mL and 54.2 ± 32.7%, respectively (vs. 125–360 ng/mL and 20–50% in normal controls). Serum hepcidin was 60.1 ± 29.5 nm (vs. 10.61 ± 6.44 nm in controls) (P < 0.001). Nineteen patients had increased malonyldialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation, indicating oxidative stress. T2* MRI disclosed in 19 of 21 patients moderate to severe IO in the liver and spleen, in three of eight patients in the pancreas, but in no patient in the heart. After stopping IV iron for a mean of 12 months, while continuing rHuEpo, the mean SF decreased in 11 patients to 1682 ng/mL and the mean TSAT decreased to 28%, whereas hemoglobin did not change indicating that tissue iron was utilized. Conclusion High SF correlates with IO in the liver and spleen, but not in the heart.

In this study we present an efficient image categorization and retrieval system applied to medical image databases, in particular large radiograph archives. The methodology is based on local patch representation of the image content, using a "bag of visual words" approach. We explore the effects of various parameters on system performance, and show best results using dense sampling of simple features with spatial content, and a nonlinear kernel-based support vector machine (SVM) classifier. In a recent international competition the system was ranked first in discriminating orientation and body regions in X-ray images. In addition to organ-level discrimination, we show an application to pathology-level categorization of chest X-ray data, the most popular examination in radiology. The system discriminates between healthy and pathological cases, and is also shown to successfully identify specific pathologies in a set of chest radiographs taken from a routine hospital examination. This is a first step towards similarity-based categorization, which has a major clinical implications for computer-assisted diagnostics.

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Prevalence of intramuscular coronary arteries on CCTA is in concordance with most pathological reports and higher than in angiographic series. The CCTA clearly showed presence, course, and anatomical features of intramuscular coronary arteries. Coronary computed tomographic angiography may provide potentially useful information in the preoperative evaluation of candidates for coronary bypass surgery.

Initial experience with a small number of patients suggests that marked delayed enhancement of the pericardium is a characteristic feature of false aneurysm. Study with a larger patient sample is required to further assess this feature.