The article focuses on the status characteristics of courtroom discourse participants, including institutional position of a person and its correlations with other positions in the courtroom communicative space, modality of communicative acts, and speech formula, which constitute the courtroom discourse. The social status of a person, being the fundamental concept in sociology (
Abstract-The article describes some characteristics of courtroom discourse participants, namely institutional status of a person and its correlations with other statuses in the courtroom communicative space, modality of communicative acts and speech formula, which belong to the courtroom discourse. The social status of a person, as the basic concept in sociology and sociolinguistics, was described by Weber, Parsons, Abrahamson, Bernstein, Harms. In this article, it has been analyzed from the point of view of pragmalinguistics as it is understood by Solan, Karasik, Eades, Wagner, Cheng. The pragmalinguistic approach to the study of the status of a person participating in court proceedings aims to reveal the situational characteristics of equality or inequality relations in courtroom. Status positions of courtroom discourse participants find reflections in certain participant types and communicative trajectories in communicative space, speech act types and their combinations, norms of verbal and non-verbal behavior and rules of communication, speech etiquette conventions, speech acts modality, communicative roles, reaction to role performance, interactional discrimination.
The primary purpose of this study is to investigate politeness as the culture-specific phenomenon, the actual manifestations of it in the Indian version of English. The study distinguishes some politeness fixed formulae in Indian English on the basis of the Speech Acts theory. It focuses on such culturally determined politeness patterns in Indian English as appeals and blessings, their functions and language features as compared with the ones in the standard version of British English. The use of polite appeals and blessings in Indian English is greatly influenced by age and gender restrictions and a traditional family structure with a Patrilineal background which has been followed since long ago. The choice of appeals and blessings in social interactions mainly depends on their basic strategies as speech acts. The study shows the points where two different lingua-cultures never meet.SHS Web of Conferences 69, 00069 (2019)
In this article, possessivity is considered to be a linguistic way of integrating an object (thing) into a relation, connected, first of all, with the idea of owning, wealth and property. Owning a thing is one of the most important concepts regulating social relations. The grounds on which a thing belongs to its holder, in various legal and cultural traditions, often serve as justification of the material advantage and the manifestation of privileges. The relations of possessivity aimed at holding the object in the subject’s sphere are proposed to be constructed in the form of cognitive models, the content of which is the multidirectional process, which is reflected in the semantics of linguistic units and has lingua-cultural specifics. The article proposes cognitive models of possessive relations and describes the language tools representing the structural components of the constructed cognitive models. The relevance of various characteristics to the compared languages and cultures based on the comprehensive analysis of verbalization of the structural components of these models has been identified in this work.
The purpose of the article is to describe and classify the linguistic means expressing evaluative meaning in the environmental media discourse. The objectives of the study include the identification of different means expressing evaluation in media texts devoted to environmental issues, identifying lexical items and stylistic devices for the formation of an evaluation strategy in modern media texts devoted to environmental issues, creating a typology of evaluative linguistic means in media environmental discourse. The method of component analysis of the lexical meaning of a word was used in the work, it enabled full understanding and characterization of lexical units with an evaluative component in their semantics. The method of content analysis of media texts made it possible to identify the pragmatic potential of axiological vocabulary used in Russian media texts dealing with environmental issues. The article considers the category of evaluation, which is universal for media discourse, and proposes a classification of linguistic means of expressing evaluative meaning in environmental media discourse. It is supposed to divide all linguistic means of expression of evaluative meaning into two main groups according to their positive or negative meaning. The authors carried out a detailed part-of-speech analysis of the lexical items of both groups, proposed their classification and analysed stylistic devices as a way of expressing a positive or negative connotation. The analysis showed that the most frequent among all the lexical items under consideration are adjectives with different meanings, which are widely used as a means of influence in the environmental media discourse and are capable of expressing ethical, aesthetic and rationalistic (utilitarian) assessment.
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