Lichen planus is a common chronic, inflammatory, immune‐mediated mucocutaneous disorder affecting the skin and mucosa. The role of mast cells in the genesis of lichen planus has been debated. Establishing a definitive part played by mast cells and its degranulation would possibly provide a permanent, cost‐effective treatment modality for oral lichen planus (OLP). This review aims to study the expression of mast cells qualitatively and quantitatively in OLP. The research questions were framed to assess the mast cell count, localization within the epithelium basement membrane zone and degranulation of mast cells. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Cochrane and Web of Science. We found a total of 120 studies from which 12 were found suitable for the review. There is a marked increase in the number of mast cells in OLP. The mast cells were seen in increased numbers in the epithelial and connective tissue junction at areas of basement membrane disruption. There was also an increase in the degranulation of mast cells. It is evident that there is an increase in the mast cell number in lichen planus and its subsequent degranulation.

Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a noninfectious, necrotic condition of the bone occurring as a complication of radiotherapy. Most cases occur following trauma or surgical manipulation of the irradiated site. Mandible is the most common bone to be affected following head and neck irradiation. The aim was to develop a successful therapeutic approach for ORN. A spectrum of treatment modalities is practiced for ORN with variable success rate that includes simple irrigation of the affected bone to the partial or complete resection of the jaw bone. In this paper, we present two cases which had successful therapeutic approach for ORN of mandible with autologous bone marrow concentrate stem cells and allogeneic dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) with platelet rich plasma (PRP) following failure of conventional methods. Autologous bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) was injected around the socket and into the periosteum for one case, and DPSC were mixed with tricalcium phosphate and inserted at the site of the defect in one case. The patient treated with BMAC remained asymptomatic and complete bone remodeling was noticed after 1 year. The extraoral sinus was excised, and healing was uneventful without recurrence in the patient treated with allogeneic DPSC and PRP. Periodic panoramic radiographs revealed an appreciable bone formation from the 2nd month onward. We have successfully treated two cases of ORN with BMAC and DPSC, respectively.

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The high prevalence of uremic fetor, saburral tongue, pale mucosa, and petechiae/ecchymoses in ESRD patient group can be considered as a possible sign of undiagnosed advanced stage of renal disease in other diabetic patients.