The grape industry, specifically the wine industry, is generating by-products rich in nutrients, which are underutilized and often end up being polluters of the environment. These byproducts are the bagasse, the stem and the grape seed in a proportion of 20% of the grape industrialized, that is, more than 100,000 tons/year in the Serra Gaucha. The use of winemaking by-products in the production of raw materials is a pioneering activity in Brazil and possibly in the world. This study is a characterization of products generated by the composting of this rich material, in order to assess its nutrient availability and possible contaminants. Also, the byproduct of wine production in this pioneering project in Serra Gaucha were used and studied. The analyzes were done on the by-products and raw materials used; in the final products of the BEIFORT ® line, both organic and organic certified fertilizer, solids, and liquid organic fertilizers 867 and 645 AHF. Organic nutrients, macro and micronutrients, important nutrients for agriculture and contaminants were analyzed using appropriated analytical techniques. It was concluded that the byproducts of the grape industrialization have optimal levels of organic loads and a good amount of important mineral elements to plants. However, in the course of composting, the concentration of Cu and Cr increases in the final solid compost, limiting the possible organic certification. Liquid extracts, despite not having high concentrations of nutrients, present a minimum of elements considered pollutants. In the final products only the uncertified organic fertilizer showed concentrations of Zn, Cu and Cr above the allowed levels, however the mixtures of inputs solved the problem. In other Beifort ® products, especially liquid products, the presence of contaminants is irrelevant and the organic loads and nutrients were satisfactory.

A novel method used to synthesize diacetone diperoxide (DADP) from acetone and hydrogen peroxide without the presence of a catalytic agent is presented. Previously reported syntheses used toluenesulfonic and m‐sulfonic acid as catalyst. DADP was prepared with a purity of 99.99 %. The melting point range (128.5–134.5 °C) is consistent with reported values. The success of the reported procedure depends on controlling the ratio between acetone and hydrogen peroxide as well as the temperature of the reaction mixture. The purified crystalline DADP samples were characterized using NMR, Raman, and IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, gas chromatography and open atmosphere chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DART™). The structure was compared to the well‐known cyclic trimer triacetone triperoxide (TATP). The proposed synthetic scheme can be useful for preparing small amounts of the cyclic organic peroxide for characterization and fundamental studies and for formulation of gas chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry standards.

The relationship between the self-regulated learning inventory (SRLI) and the factors student attitude, collegiate origin and age in 960 students of engineering programs in universities of the city of Cartagena between the years 2014 and 2016 were analyzed; Through the χ2 independence test. Initially the instrument was validated; The self-regulation for learning and the independent variables were analyzed: age, attitude and collegial origin, and finally a mosaic chart was drawn between SRLI and variables with which a significant relationship was obtained.The results indicate that the instrument is valid according to the Alpha values of Cronbach and that there is an important association between SRLI and the variables attitude and student origin; Showing that students with a high student attitude and coming from public schools, are those who generally have very good self-regulation of learning. 666Waldyr Fong-Silva et al.

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Plants growing in the Caribbean, Rubia tinctorum, Lippia dulcis and Spermacoce remota, were used in vitro to remove TNT from culture media. Plants were found to be resistant to high TNT levels. S. remota was able to remove TNT in less than 48 h. Part of the TNT was physically removed from the culture media by evaporation.

D3 and C2 TATP structures interconvert at room temperature. Herein, an easy method to isolate both conformers is shown that consists of multiple recrystallization steps using different solvent and heating to boiling. Spectroscopic and physical measurements, such as Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and melting point analysis, showed that clear and opaque crystals, respectively, represent different conformations of TATP. Additionally, the transition energy between both conformers was estimated using the Raman shifts.

Este trabajo trata sobre la comparación de la asignación teórica del espectro vibracional de DADP con los desplazamientos experimentales por marcación isotópica. Para ello, se sintetizaron los isotopómeros DADP-C4 y DADP-C2, los cuales son isotopómeros parcialmente marcados. DADP-C4 y DADP-C2 fueron sintetizados a partir de acetona marcada isotópicamente en los átomos de carbonos del grupo metilo y carbonilo, respectivamente. La acetona y los compuestos isotopómeros de DADP fueron caracterizados usando espectroscopia Raman e Infrarroja. Las asignaciones teóricas fueron tomadas de estudios previos sobre la distribución de energía potencial de un modo vibracional, el cual proporciona una aproximación a las coordenadas internas relacionadas con cada banda vibracional. La marcación isotópica selectiva nos permitió acercarnos a la dependencia de cada banda, debido a que, la energía de una vibración molecular depende también de la masa recíproca de los átomos involucrados. En general, los resultados mostraron que algunas bandas asignadas experimentalmente no coinciden con las asignaciones teóricas mediante simulaciones mecánicas cuánticas.