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This article evaluates the effect of hot air drying on the physicochemical characteristics, color, concentration of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of agroindustrial residue of acerola, which was hot air dried under different conditions of temperature (60, 70 and 80C) and air velocity (4, 5 and 6 m/s), taking up the residue in natura as the control group. The experimental dimensionless moisture content as a function of drying time of acerola residue is also presented and discussed. The retention values of total phenolic (26-31%), carotenoids (50-61%), anthocyanins (23-36%), proanthocyanidins (21%), ascorbic acid (40-70%) and the antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method (20%) were calculated and discussed. Considering the concentration of bioactive compounds detected in the final product, as well as the microbiological stability achieved by the substantial moisture reduction, it can be concluded that the dried acerola residue is an important source of bioactive compounds with appropriate characteristics to be utilized as a health-relevant food ingredient. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSBrazil is one of the largest agricultural producers in the world. In recent years, the processing industry has developed and as a consequence, the generation of residues has also increased. The search for answers to this technological challenge was the motivation of this research, which evaluated the drying process as means for obtaining a natural functional powder from acerola residue. The data shown would provide the scientific rationale for a better exploitation of this tropical fruit residue.

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a quien debe ser dirigida la correspondencia Resumen Se presentan ensayos de secado con radiación solar directa y su modelado matemático, para evaluar la cinética de secado del anacardo (Anacardium occidentale L.) y comparar su eficiencia en relación al secado solar natural en tablero. Los experimentos fueron realizados con rodajas de fruta de 1 cm. y 2 cm. de espesor, obteniendo su contenido acuoso versus tiempo. Con el empleo del secador solar de radiación directa, se redujo el tiempo de secado en relación al secado natural en tablero, agregando valor a los productos. Se obtuvo valores de difusividad de agua en rodajas de frutos del mismo orden de otros datos de la literatura. Los productos secados resultaron tener buenas propiedades organolépticas, tales como sabor, aroma, color y textura crocante. Palabras clave: secador solar, anacardo, Anacardium occidentale L., radiación directa AbstractIn this work solar drying tests with direct radiation and its mathematical modeling to evaluate the kinetics of cashew-nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) drying comparing their efficiency concerned to natural solar drying board are presented. The experiments were performed using fruit slices with 1 cm and 2 cm of thickness, obtaining its water content versus time. Using a direct solar radiation dryer, the drying time was lower than that of natural drying board, therefore adding value to products. Diffusivity values obtained from water sliced fruits were similar to other data available in the literature. The dried products had good organoleptic properties, aroma, color and crunchy texture.