Introduction: Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is a serious public health problem and represents one of the leading causes of death in the world. In emergency situations the assessment of the victim and care must be effective, to reduce negative outcomes and to increase the survival rate. Objective: To analyze graduation students in the Health Sciences through objective testing on Basic Life Support (BLS). Methods: This is a descriptive, observational and cross sectional study, performed in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The study population consisted of 664 graduation students in Medicine, Nursing, Physiotherapy, Pharmacy, Nutrition and Occupational Therapy. Data collection occurred through an instrument in the form of objective tests based on the guidelines for Basic Life Support from the American Heart Association. For analysis the Shapiro-Wilk, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. The adopted confidence level was 95%. The statistical program used was Stata 11.0. Result: There was found to be a prevalence of students who were female (82.23%), single (77.56%), on the physiotherapy course (53.16%), in the freshmen year (32.2%) with previous training (54.45%) and with a median age of 22 years old. When the association between the scores was analyzed according to sex, marital status, previous training, course and year of study, the relation between the number of correct answers and previous training, course and year of study showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). Conclusion: 99.9% of subjects had lower score than the minimum score of 84% of Americam Heart Association, which characterizes insufficient knowledge about the basic support of life theme. Thus, there is need for continued training of health sciences students on the subject, at the undergraduate level.
Actinomycetes are a distinct group of filamentous bacteria. The Streptomyces genus within this group has been extensively studied over the years, with substantial contributions to society and science. This genus is known for its antimicrobial production, as well as antitumor, biopesticide, and immunomodulatory properties. Therefore, the extraordinary plasticity of the Streptomyces genus has inspired new research techniques. The newest way of exploring Streptomyces has comprised the discovery of new natural metabolites and the application of emerging tools such as CRISPR technology in drug discovery. In this narrative review, we explore relevant published literature concerning the ongoing novelties of the Streptomyces genus.
Cuidados paliativos têm como relevância a qualidade de vida dos pacientes e de seus parentes que precisam lidar com a fase terminal da vida, como a prevenção e o alívio do sofrimento, através do reconhecimento prévio, avaliação adequada e tratamento da dor e das outras complicações físicas, psicossociais e espirituais. Objetivo: Verificar o que tem sido produzido na literatura científica acerca da atuação dos profissionais de saúde nos cuidados paliativos aos pacientes na fase terminal. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa da literatura de artigos publicados nas bases de dados eletrônicas: LILACS e SCIELO. Para alcançar variadas informações sobre o tema. Utilizaram-se os descritores (DeCS): cuidados paliativos, medicina e cuidados de saúde, associado ao operador booleano (AND). Os critérios de seleção foram artigos completos publicados no período de 2011 a 2018, em Língua inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola, que discutiam a temática referente ao problema da pesquisa. Foram excluídos os artigos duplicados, incompletos, e os que não se enquadravam na temática. Resultados e Discussão: Foram encontrados 57 artigos científicos que abordavam a temática, destes, selecionaram-se 12 para análise, interpretação dos dados e discussão da presente pesquisa. Foi possível identificar, nos artigos, aspectos relevantes aos cuidados paliativos, em que os profissionais de saúde prestam assistência ao ponto de reduzir o sofrimento desses enfermos. Além disso, percebeu-se, também, dificuldades apresentadas por esses profissionais devido à ausência de conhecimentos durante a formação acadêmica. Conclusão: Destacou-se a forma de assistência na abordagem do cuidado, na obrigação de promover segurança e na qualidade prestadas aos pacientes um vínculo de confiabilidade entre os profissionais e pacientes.
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common motor neuron disease. Loss of pyramidal and anterior horn motor neurons leads to progressive limb weakness, disability, dysarthria, dysphagia and respiratory insufficiency with a progressive fatal course. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in the Republic of Moldova (3,559,497 inhabitants) during a 5-year period (2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013). Materials and methods: To ensure complete case ascertainment, multiple sources of information were used, including neurologists, other medical specialties, neurophysiology laboratories. ALS diagnosis was based on El Escorial criteria. Although all patients with motor neuron disease were enrolled, only probable and definite cases were included in the study. Results: A total of 94 cases was collected. The average annual incidence of ALS was 0.42 per 100,000 inhabitants. On December 31, 2013 the prevalence was 2.64 per 100,000. Mean age at onset was 55.7 years, with no sex difference. The peak incidence was in the age group 51-60 years. The male: female ratio was 2,03:1. The mean duration of the disease at diagnosis was 13.6 months. The clinical spectrum comprised spinal onset, beginning in the upper or lower limbs, or bulbar onset. Conclusion: The clinical features of ALS in Moldova are similar to those of other epidemiological studies in Europe. Incidence and prevalence are lower than in other European countries. This could be explained by under ascertainment of cases due to misdiagnosis and late neurological consultation.
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