The aim of the present study was to quantify the parasite load of Leishmania infantum in dogs using real-time PCR (qPCR). Bone marrow, lymph node and spleen samples were taken from 24 dogs serologically positive for L. infantum that had been put down by the official epidemiological surveillance service. According to the clinical signs the dogs were classified as asymptomatic or symptomatic. After DNA extraction, the samples were subjected to qPCR to detect and quantify L. infantum DNA. Out of the 24 dogs, 12.5% (3/24) were classified as asymptomatic and 87.5% (21/24) as symptomatic. Real-time PCR detected L. infantum DNA in all the animals, in at least one biological sample. In particular, 100% of bone marrow and lymph node scored positive, whereas in spleen, the presence of DNA was detected in 95.9% (23/24). In addition, out of 24 animals, 15 were microscopically positive to amastigote forms of L. infantum in bone marrow. No statistical significant difference was found in the overall mean quantity of DNA among the different biological samples (P = 0.518). Considering each organ separately, there was 100% positivity in bone marrow and lymph nodes, while among the spleen samples, 95.9% (23/24) were positive. Regarding the different clinical groups, the overall mean parasite load varied significantly (P = 0.022). According to the results obtained, it was not possible determine which biological sample was most suitable tissue for the diagnosis, based only on the parasite load. Therefore, other characteristics such as convenience and easily of obtaining samples should be taken into consideration.Keywords: Leishmania, molecular, diagnosis, parasite load, dogs. ResumoO objetivo do presente estudo foi quantificar a carga parasitária de Leishmania infantum em cães pela técnica de PCR em tempo-real (qPCR). Amostras de medula óssea, linfonodo e baço foram obtidos de 24 cães sorologicamente positivos para L. infantum que foram submetidos à eutanásia pelo serviço de vigilância oficial. Segundo os sinais clínicos, os animais foram classificados em assintomáticos ou sintomáticos. Após extração de DNA, as amostras foram submetidas à qPCR para detecção e quantificação de DNA de L. infantum. Dos 24 cães, 12,5% (3/24) foram classificados como assintomáticos e 87,5% (21/24) como sintomáticos. A PCR em tempo real detectou DNA de L. infantum em 100% dos animais, em pelo menos uma amostra biológica. Considerando cada órgão isoladamente, foi observada uma positividade de 100% em medula óssea e linfonodo, já nas amostras de baço 95,9% (23/24) foram positivas. Não foi observada diferença estatística entre a quantidade média geral de DNA entre as diferentes amostras biológicas (P = 0,518). Considerando os diferentes grupos clínicos, a carga parasitária média geral variou significantemente (P = 0,022). De acordo com os resultados obtidos não foi possível eleger a mais apropriada amostra biológica para o diagnóstico, baseado apenas na carga parasitária. Portanto, outras características como a conveniência e a facilidade de obtenção...
Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body, and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogs of brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growth in the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed by histopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog, showed the disease clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventral thorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presented mixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section and metastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posterior thoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematological count and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient died after 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor of cardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus located in the left ventricle and diffuse nodules in the lungs. Hydrothorax and hydroperitoneum were observed with serous fluid, with hepatic, renal and brain congestion, and duodenum hemorrhage. Histologically, the tumor was characterized as a chemodectoma with pulmonary metastasis.Discussion: Cardiac tumors are uncommon for canine population. A study sampled 729,265 dogs with observed incidence reaching 0.19%. The most common type is hemangiosarcoma with 69%, followed by chemiodectoma and lymphoma. Authors describe predisposed brachycephalic breeds such as Boxer, Boston Terrier and French Bulldog. In our case, the patient had elongated snout and undefined breed. Deregulation of chemoreceptors, which detect changes in pH and partial oxygen and carbon dioxide pressures, can result in hyperpnea and dyspnoea. Edema represents a deficit in venous return from the cranial and cervical regions, with consequent increase in hydrostatic pressure and liquid leakage into the thoracic cavity and subcutaneous tissue, thus inferring the Caudal Vena Cava Syndrome (CVCS). Tumors from the cardiac base, integrated with the large arteries insertion and adjacent to the atria, can cause pericardial effusion observed in this case. Chemodectomas are described as essentially benign tumors with low metastatic potential. In this case, pulmonary metastasis was detected. Surgical treatment is recommended when feasible. In this case, the patient had late veterinary care, in addition to the contraindication for surgery by the lung metastasis presence.
A esporotricose é uma micose subcutânea contagiosa causada por fungos dimórficos do complexo Sporothrix schenckii, que acomete diversos animais domésticos, inclusive o homem, sendo Sporothrix brasiliensis a principal espécie responsável por epizootias em diferentes estados brasileiros. Na espécie canina, a esporotricose ainda é considerada incomum. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de esporotricose canina, em um cão da raça Rotweiller, de dois anos de idade, apresentando lesões ulceradas em tórax e ponte nasal, além de lesões nodulares em tórax. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pelo exame histopatológico com coloração especial (PAS) e o tratamento preconizado foi itraconazol na dose de 5 mg/kg, uma vez ao dia, por três meses, com remissão completa das lesões.
RESUMO.Miosite dos músculos mastigatórios é uma inflamação dos músculos responsáveis pela mastigação dos cães, sendo uma doença idiopática e auto-imune. Pode ocorrer em cães de qualquer raça, havendo uma maior prevalência em cães jovens e de meia-idade. Dentre os sinais clínicos podem ser citados relutância em se alimentar, salivação excessiva, edema dos músculos temporais, dor ao abrir a mandíbula, atrofia dos músculos que compõe a mastigação, dentre outros. A terapêutica constitui o uso de doses imunosupressoras de corticosteróides, fazendo a regressão gradualmente, podendo ser associado com terapia de suporte, como no uso de protetores gástricos. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo relatar o caso clínico de uma fêmea canina, sem raça definida cujos sinais clínicos apresentados foram edema dos músculos temporais e masseter, prolapso de terceira pálpebra, salivação e trismo. O diagnóstico foi baseado no histórico do paciente, achados no exame físico e resultados dos exames complementares de imagens e laboratoriais. Foi utilizado como tratamento o uso de drogas imunossupressoras, sendo o resultado satisfatório.
Objetivou-se identificar as espécies de pulgas e carrapatos de Cerdocyon thous provenientes do estado Pernambuco. Foram examinados 20 animais, estando 30% (6/20) ectoparasitados. Foram coletadas 16 pulgas e 17 carrapatos em cachorros-do-mato de vida livre e de cativeiro no estado de Pernambuco. As pulgas foram identificadas como: Pulex irritans e Ctenocephalides felis; e os carrapatos foram: Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato e Amblyomma ovale. A presença de ectoparasitos de animais domésticos parasitando C. thous, sugere a aproximação de indivíduos desta espécie ao peridomicílio. Além disso, este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência de A. ovale em C. thous no nordeste brasileiro.
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