No abstract

No abstract

Кардиология дним из мощных факторов повреждения органов и тканей при сахарном диабете (СД) считается гипергликемия, которая способствует неконтро-лируемой активации факторов роста фибробластов и маркеров воспаления. Совокупность всех патологических процессов приводит к активной перестройке соединитель-Изучение роли факторов роста фибробластов (bFGF, TGFβ1), маркеров воспаления (IL-6, TNF-α, СRP) и конечных продуктов гликирования (AGE, RAGE) у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца и сахарным диабетом 2 типа Иванникова Е.В., Мелкозёров К.В., Калашников В.Ю., Терёхин С.А., Кононенко И.В., Смирнова О.М. ФГБУ Эндокринологический научный центр, Москва (директор -академик РАН и РАМН И.И. Дедов) Цель. Определение уровня трансформирующего фактора роста фибробластов (TGFβ1), основного фактора роста фибробластов (bFGF), маркеров неспецифической воспалительной реакции (интерлейкина-6 (IL-6), фактора некроза опухолиальфа (TNF-α), С-реактивного белка (C-reactive protein (СRP)) и их взаимосвязи с конечными продуктами гликирования у больных с ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) в зависимости от компенсации углеводного обмена. Материалы и методы. У 87 пациентов с ИБС было проведено общеклиническое обследование, анализ показателей углеводного и липидного обмена, функции почек, а также эхокардиография и коронароангиография. Для определения уровня исследуемых показателей всем больным забор крови осуществлялся из аорты во время проведения коронароангиографии и параллельно из кубитальной вены. Результаты. Установлено, что наличие сахарного диабета (СД) у больных ИБС приводит к достоверному повышению уровня TGFβ1, IL-6, СRP в артериальной и венозной крови. Была получена прямая корреляция TGFβ1 с показателями липидного обмена. Выявлена прямая корреляционная взаимосвязь между степенью поражения коронарных сосудов и уровнем провоспалительных факторов и конечных продуктов гликирования в зависимости от наличия СД. Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие взаимосвязи нарушений со стороны соединительной ткани и липидного обмена в патогенезе атеросклероза. Ключевые слова: факторы роста фибробластов; сахарный диабет; ишемическая болезнь сердца bFGF and TGFβ1 growth factors, inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP) and advanced glycation end-products (AGE, RAGE) in patients with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus Ivannikova E.V., Melkozerov K.V., Kalashnikov V.Yu., Terekhin S.A., Kononenko I.V., Smirnova O.M. Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russian FederationAims. To evaluate plasma levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ1), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), markers for nonspecific inflammatory process (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP)) and their putative correlation with advanced glycation end-products relative to diabetes compensation in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Materials and Methods. 87 patients with IHD were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent standard clinical examination, including laboratory assessment of glycemic...

The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and and characterize clinical phenotypes of PCOS. A total of 312 women from 18 to 45 years of age working engaged in Moscow enterprises were examined in 2009. All of them were interviewed by questionnaire, underwent routine medical examination, anthropometry and blood sampling for the measurement of Prl, TSH, FSH, testosterone, 17-OP, and DHEAS levels. The degree of hirsutism was assessed using the modified Ferriman-Galway scale. Women with fewer than eight cycles during a year were regarded as having menstrual problems. All women presenting with disturbances were invited for verification of the diagnosis. PCOS was diagnosed based on the Rotterdam (2003) criteria (the presence of oligo-/amenorrhea and clinically manifest hyperandrogenism (hirsutism), with all other disorders simulating the clinical picture of PCOS being excluded). All patients with clinical signs of PCOS were examined at the Endocrinological Research Centre. They were divided into the following groups: 1. Regular menstrual cycles in the absence of hirsutism. 2. Menstrual dysfunction (oligo-/amenorrhea) without hirsutism. 3. Hirsutism without menstrual disturbances. 4. Menstrual dysfunction plus hirsutism. Mean age of the women was 30,2±7,4 years, their BMI 24±5,5, overweight patients comprised 17,3% of the total (n=54), obesity occurred in 14.7% (n=46), oligoamenorrhea in 12.8%, hirsutism in 9.3%, acne in 6.4%, infertility in 2.6%, obesity in 14%. Menstrual dysfunction without hirsutism was documented in 17/312 (5.4%) cases. The prevalence of PCOS in this phenotypical group was estimated at 17.6%. Hirsutism in the absence of menstrual dysfunction was diagnosed in 8/312 (2.6%) women (prevalence of PCOS 62.5%), menstrual dysfunction plus hirsutism in 21/312 (6.7%) patients (prevalence of PCOS 85.7%). The study has demonstrated that the overall prevalence PCOS in the given population was 6,4%, but individual symptoms of this condition were manifest much more frequently than that. It is concluded that the diagnosis of PCOS is most reliably confirmed by the presence of combination of oligo-/amenorrhea and hirsutism.

Renal allotransplantation is the most effective and safest mode of renal replacement therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM),and currently is recognized as method of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. Due to variety of factors damaging transplantedkidney in patients with DM, issues of long-term survival of the graft constitute a serious problem. Therefore, special attentionshould be directed at correction of rejection risk factors in order to prolong graft survival - and prevent development and progressionof chronic allograft nephropathy.

No abstract

No abstract

The safety of therapy of diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemic agents is a challenging problem in modern diabetology extensively discussed in the last years, with the special emphasis being laid on the associated risk of formation and development of various neoplasms. The main forms of cancer known to occur in association with type 2 diabetes mellitus are related to obesity and insulin resistance. It suggests the important role of various factors, besides hyperinsulinism and hyperglycemia, in cancer pathogenesis. The present review is designed to analyse the influence of insulin analogs, sulphonylurea derivatives, metformin, and thiazolidindiones on the risk of malignization in the patients with diabetes mellitus.