In the article the questions of diagnostics and treatment of patients with recurrent papillomatosis of larynx, singular papillomas and various forms of chronic hyperplastic laryngitis from the present-day view-points have been presented. The most optimal schemes of treatment for recurrent papillomatosis of larynx were suggested.
In article the review of modern representations dedicated problems etyopathogenesis, clinic, diagnostics and treatment mycotic affection external and middle ear.
Human dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease, transmissible helminthiasis caused by parasitizing nematodes of the genus Dirofilaria, most often D. repens and D. immitis which occurs with a predominant lesion of the skin (63%), conjunctiva (50%), mucous membranes, subcutaneous tissue and less often – internal organs. The most frequent incidence of dirofilariasis is observed in regions with a warm, humid climate, and at temperatures below 14℃, dirofilariae stop developing. Human cutaneous dirofilariasis on the European continent is most often diagnosed in representatives of southern and eastern Europe. There are confirmed cases of dirofilariasis on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and neighboring countries. Quite often, this disease affects the maxillofacial region. The purpose of the work was to initiate infectious alertness when planning operations for the removal of benign neoplasms in the maxillofacial region and inform medical specialists about the possibility of developing dirofilariasis of the specified localization, its clinical manifestations and objective diagnostic methods. Material and methods. The object of observation was a 34-year-old female patient R. with maxillofacial dirofilariasis. The subject of the study is the medical record of an inpatient patient R. Results and discussion. At the pre-hospital stage, patient R. underwent a general clinical examination. All indicators of the tests were within the age norm. According to the results of radiation examination methods, no data confirming the parasitic etiology of the disease was obtained. Taking into account the presence of a rounded formation about 1.0-1.2 cm in diameter which is slightly displaced relative to the underlying and surrounding soft tissues, the patient was offered surgical treatment. During the operation, a rounded self-moving helminth was extracted from the formation, about 11.0 cm long and 0.15 cm in diameter. After the helminth was identified, the patient was diagnosed with dirofilariasis. This should be taken into account in the diagnostic and therapeutic aspects when working with patients who have tumor processes in the maxillofacial region. Conclusion. The presented clinical observation shows that in the practice of a dental surgeon and a maxillofacial surgeon, it is increasingly possible to deal with the localization of helminth in the maxillofacial region which simulates a neoplasm which must be taken into account when conducting diagnostics, differential diagnosis and preoperative preparation. The results of the described case are aimed at developing infectious alertness when planning surgical interventions to remove benign neoplasms in the maxillofacial region, developing a rational diagnostic scheme and differential diagnosis for patients with suspected dirofilariasis and other parasitic lesions of the maxillofacial region
Objectives. To identify possible pedagogical conditions and methodological techniques of effective teaching influence on the increasing of the cognitive activity and independence (CAI) of students while acquiring and deepening their knowledge in topographic anatomy and operative surgery. Scientific analysis of psychological, pedagogical literature and personal experience shows that the problem of improving the forms and methods of educational work aimed at the increasing of the CAI of students in the process of studying the discipline is always before the teachers. While solving it, there are certain difficulties that many teachers associate with a low level of secondary education obtained, the complexity of the material studied, the admission to the university by means of testing, laziness of students, etc. The experience of the methods used and analyzed by the author shows ample opportunities for improving the cognitive activity of students, taking into account their individual interests and abilities to accumulate professional knowledge. Attention is paid to the implementation of a practice-oriented approach in teaching in combination with a systematic, creative, research, individual one, etc. to ensure the proportionate development of students’ theoretical and practical level of knowledge. A certain range of components of the conditions and factors of the educational process, in which there will be a close, bilateral, interested and productive educational activity of a student and a teacher, promoting the achievement of high educational results is shown.
Objectives. To analyze the possibility of using the technique of intraoperative ultrasound navigation on surgical treatment of patients with salivary stone disease of the parotid salivary gland (PSG). Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of three medical records of an in-patient treated at the department of maxillofacial surgery and operative dentistry in Gomel Regional Clinical Hospital during the period from 2019 to 2021 for salivary stone disease of PSG was made. Results. The results of clinical observation of treatment of a patient with sialolithiasis of the parenchymal part of the PSG are presented. Taking into consideration the complexity of surgical removal of sialolites of this localization, the patient was initially treated conservatively which was of no effect. Salivary stones were removed using intraoperative ultrasound navigation which made it possible to successfully perform the surgical intervention, reduce surgical trauma, create conditions for structural and functional recovery of the PSG and reduce the possibility of the disease relapse by improving intraoperative visual control. Conclusions. The use of the technique of intraoperative ultrasound navigation in the surgical treatment of patients with salivary stone disease of the parotid salivary gland allows to remove the concrement, minimizing the trauma to the tissues of the operated area and the organ itself, maintaining adequate blood flow and architectonics in it, which enables the reduction in the number of postoperative complications, relapses of the disease and positively affects the quality of patients’ life.
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