All greenhouse phyto-irradiators implement a constant regime of plant irradiation. For example, phyto-irradiators turn on at 6 am and turn off at 10 pm. The article contains the results of a study of the influence of pulsed (flashing) light on the growth and development of meristemic plants of garden strawberry varieties ‘Brighton’ and ‘Korona’ in vitro. The ability to use flashing light is based on the features of photosynthesis, which includes light-dependent and light-independent (dark) reactions. A flashing LED phyto-irradiator and a continuously operating fluorescent irradiator (control sample) were compared. Experiments have shown that the use of flashing LED phyto-irradiator increased the rooting rate of strawberry micro-cuttings by 5-10%, depending on the varieties. For the variety ‘Korona’ there was an increase in the number of fully developed leaves to 7.2 pieces (6.0 pieces in the control sample) and, as a consequence, an increase in the leaf surface area of microplants from 262.2 mm2 to 348.0 mm2. For the ‘Brighton’ variety, everything was the other way around: under the flashing LED phyto-irradiator, the number of fully developed leaves decreased to 4.5 pieces (5.6 pieces in the control sample). The use of a flashing LED phyto-irradiator prevented the elongation of microplants in both varieties. At the end of the experiment, all strawberry microplants were rooted and met the standard requirements for rosette height, number of fully developed leaves, and root length.
Work on going through the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks comes down to searching for new growth regulators and studying the influence of external conditions, which include, among other things, light effects. The data of 2018-2019 on the effect of growth regulators Siliplant, EcoFus and experimental LED phytoradiators on the adaptation of rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa duch) in vivo are presented. The object of research is rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries of the Korona variety. It was revealed that, at the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks of strawberries, the most effective was the treatment of plants by spraying with Siliplant at a concentration of 1.0 ml/l and the combined treatment with Siliplant and EcoFus at concentrations of 0.5 ml/l: regardless of lighting, the survival rate averaged 99.4 - 99.7%, the leaf surface area increased significantly from 291.85 mm2 to 334.4 mm2. The number of normally developed leaves of strawberry microplants increased significantly after treatment with all preparations from 3.5 to 6.0, 5.8 and 6.5 pcs/plant, and a significant increase in the height of strawberry rosettes was facilitated by treatment with Siliplant and Siliplant together with EcoFus. Regardless of growth regulators, the most effective was the experimental LED phyto-irradiator with a changing spectrum, which contributed to an increase in leaf surface area, height of rosettes and the number of normally developed leaves in strawberry microplants. When illuminated with a flashing phytoradiator, these indicators are lower than in the control version, but not significantly. By the end of the rooting stage, all microplants of garden strawberries corresponded to GOST R 54051-2010.
The aim of the study is to optimize the conditions for in vitro cultivation of blue honeysuckle, raspberry and strawberry. The work was carried out in 2012-2020. The Murasige-Skuga medium (1/2 MS) was the control for all cultures for the initiation of explants. Additionally, we used a modified nutrient medium 1/2 MS with a reduced NH4 content by 15 % compared to the base MS; and Woodi Plant Medium (1/2 WPM) for honeysuckle; for raspberries - Quoirin-Lepoivre (1/2 QL) and 1/2 Anderson; for strawberries - 1/2 MS. For micropropagation and rooting, the following media were used: honeysuckle - modified MS and WPM; raspberries - QL and Anderson; strawberries - MS modified by Siliplant and Boksyu; control for all - MS. The following growth regulators were added to the optimal each culture a nutrient medium: 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP), gibberellic acid (GA), waste products of the large wax moth larvae, indolyl-3-butyric acid (IBA), Siliplant, EcoFus, HB-101. The effect of LED-phytoirradiators with a combination of red, blue and white light in the spectrum 2: 1: 1, 1: 1: 1, 2: 1, respectively, and LED-irradiators with a changing spectrum and flashing were studied at the stages of micropropagation and rooting in all cultures. The survival rate of honeysuckle explants on 1/2 WPM medium was 62.2 % (control 27.9 %). The highest reproduction factor of 5.1 (control 2.6) was achieved when using LED 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white on MS modified + 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + kinetin 0.5 mg/L, and high rooting rate of honeysuckle 89.0 % (76.0 % k) was achieved on MS modified + IBA 0.5 mg/L. Cultivation of red raspberries on QL + 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + GA 0.5 mg/L and LED irradiation 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white provided a reproduction factor of 5.3 (control 2.7), addition of IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 100 μL/L in QL and LED irradiation 1 red : 1 blue : 1 white contributed to 100 % rooting. The addition of 6-BAP 1.0 mg/L + IBA 0.2 mg/L + GA 0.5 mg/L in QL and LED lighting 1 red : 1 blue : 1 white increased the reproduction factor of remontant raspberries by 1.6 times (from 2, 6 to 4.1), and the use of QL + IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 50 μL/L and LED 2 red : 1 blue : 1 white increased its rooting ability to 96 % (control 67 %). LED irradiation with a changing spectrum during cultivation of garden strawberries on MS + Siliplant + EcoFus at 0.5 ml/L provided a reproduction factor of 5.9 (control 3.8), and the reproduction factor of remontant strawberries on MS + HB-101 100 μl/L was 7.4 (control 5.6). The addition of IBA 0.5 mg/L + HB-101 100 μL/L to the MS promoted the rooting of garden strawberries of 100 % when using a LED irradiator with a changing spectrum, and remontant strawberries – with a blinking LED irradiator
Удмуртский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйствафилиал ФГБУН «Удмуртский федеральный исследовательский центр Уральского отделения Российской академии наук», г. Ижевск, Российская Федерация Исследования проведены в 2016-2017 гг. на базе меристемной лаборатории. Объект исследованиймикропобеги земляники садовой сорта Фестивальная и ремонтантной сорта Брайтон на этапах микроразмножения и укоренения. Изучались питательные среды-Мурасиге-Скуга (контроль), Мурасиге-Скуга модифицированная (микроэлементы заменены соответствующей дозой микроудобрения «Силиплант») и Боксю; светодиодные облучатели-с соотношением в спектре красного (К), синего (С) и белого (Б) света 2К:1С:1Б и 1К:1С:1Б соответственно и программируемый с меняющимся спектром, контрольным служил люминесцентный с лампами белого света. Наибольший коэффициент размножения при культивировании земляники садовой in vitro получен с использованием модифицированной питательной среды Мурасиге-Скуга под светодиодным облучателем 1К:1С:1Б и облучателем с меняющимся спектральным составом: 6,0 и 6,2 шт./микрочеренок соответственно. Наибольший коэффициент размножения земляники ремонтантной обеспечило культивирование на питательной среде Мурасиге-Скуга с применением светодиодного облучателя 1К:1С:1Б и облучателя с меняющимся спектральным составом: 3,5 и 3,2 шт./ микрочеренок соответственно. Укоренение микропобегов земляники садовой на питательных средах Мурасиге-Скуга модифицированной и Боксю обеспечило существенное увеличение укореняемости до 100 и 97,5% соответственно. Культивирование на питательной среде Боксю увеличило укореняемость микропобегов земляники ремонтантной до 95,0%. Все светодиодные облучатели обеспечили существенное увеличение укореняемости микропобегов: по землянике садовой до 96
The aim of the research was the possibility of using zeolite for the adaptation of micro plants of plum home variety Kazanskaya under in vivo conditions. The control was a substrate for experiments based on grassroots peat (manufactured by JSC “Udmurttorf”, Udmurt Republic, Russia). In the studied variants, zeolite (Tatarsko-Shatrashanskoe deposit, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) was added to peat in 60, 90, and 120 g/l doses. Microplants were also planted on a 100% zeolite substrate. It has been established that the survival rate of domestic plum micro plants to non-sterile conditions in a grassroots peat substrate with the addition of zeolite in all doses is significantly higher than in the control variant (78.3%) and varies within 86.7–99.2%. The survival rate of domestic plum micro plants in a 100% zeolite substrate was 80.8% at the control indicator’s level. At the first stage of adaptation, the growth length of micro plants in the bottom peat substrate with the addition of zeolite at doses of 60 and 90 g/l increased significantly. It amounted to 1.9 and 3.3 cm, respectively, with 1.2 cm in control. Compared with the maximum allowable duration of adaptation according to GOST R 54051-2010 of 45 days, the transformation of home plum was 21 days in general. At the same time, in the variants with the addition of zeolite to the substrate based on grassroots peat at doses of 60: 90 and 120 g/l, the growth length of home plum micro plants was, on average, 6.0, 8.0, and 5.3 cm, respectively, and the height of adapted micro plants to the end of the second stage of adaptation were 7.0; 9.0; 7.3 cm, which exceeded the performance of State Standard (SS) R 54051-2010.
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