The relevance of the proposed research lies in the fact that at the present stage of the development of linguistics there is a lack of an empirical (analytical) base that would make it possible to subject proverbial modifications and subject them to a full-scale and comprehensive analysis. Moreover, the gender problem in the proverbial picture of any culture is a young and insufficiently studied science, and now in linguistics there is a rapid growth of research devoted to the study of the gender parameter in the language. The basic object of this study is a part of the proverbial fund of the English and Russian languages, which serves as the basis for various kinds of modifications. The purpose of this work is to analyze the ways of constructing the image of a man and a woman in Russian and English proverbs. In accordance with the goals, the following tasks were set: - study of literature on the topic and related fields of science; - to make a thematic and historical-etymological classification of the studied layer of the vocabulary of the Russian and English people; - using specific theoretical and factual materials to clarify the existing classifications of phraseological units, proverbs and sayings indicating the gender aspect.
Research relevance: there are isomorphic features of the investigated interjections in semantics, pragmatic terms and in structure. Research objectives: to reveal the emotional meaning of the Russian interjection Tsyts and the way of its translation into English and Kyrgyz languages. Research materials and methods: the authors use the method of translation and comparison of interjections in The Quiet Don by M. Sholokhov, Farewell to Gyulsary by Ch. Aitmatov and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by M. Twain literary works. Research results: the isomorphic features of the studied interjections coincide in their pragmatic characteristics, structure, meaning and nominative function. Conclusions: In the languages under consideration, by their syntactic nature, they can act as independent sentences.
This article is devoted to the problem of translation of linguistic realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The article is an overview of the realities in the mentioned cultures. An attempt is made to find ways to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier when translating concepts from the Kyrgyz language, reflecting the national character. The essence of this problem boils down to the fact that the main requirement of translation is to preserve the originality of the translated text and to study the cultural component of the text. It should be aimed at identifying the differences between the original and the translation, not only because of the linguistic form, but also because of the cultural one. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the elements of the linguistic specificity of translation of realities in English, Russian and Kyrgyz cultures. The subject of the research is ethnic elements — objective problems arising during translation, and methods of their solution, that is, the transfer of cultural realities during translation. The article examines the theory of cultural realities in the translation aspect and analyzes the main features and methods of translating words-realities. The selected realities are analyzed from the point of view of their translation methods to identify the most effective ones. To solve the set specific tasks, the following methods were used in the work: analysis, synthesis, classification and generalization of the data obtained. As a result of the study, material was obtained, the analysis of which made it possible to conclude that the choice of one way or another way to overcome the linguo-ethnic barrier depends on the situation of intercultural communication, as well as on the goals of the participants in the communication.
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