Data in the literature concerning the role of macrophages in anaphylaxis are contradictory. In the present study, the effect of macrophage blockade induced by gadolinium chloride (GdCl3) on anaphylactic shock is investigated. Our observations show that GdCl3 prevents lethal anaphylactic shock in mice sensitized to ovalbumin. Gadolinium chloride given i.v. in a dose of 1 mg/100 g body weight 24 or 48 h before the elicitation of anaphylactic shock resulted in 80% survival, compared with the 43% survival in the control group. The same dose of this rare-earth metal salt also greatly reduced the mortality in mice sensitized with ovalbumin containing Bordetella pertussis vaccine, and similarly abrogated the symptoms of anaphylaxis, including the accumulation of serotonin and histamine in the liver. The results suggest that macrophages play an important role in mouse anaphylaxis.
Gadolinium chloride (GdCl ), a rare earth metal salt, depresses macrophage activity, and is commonly used to study the physiology of 3 the reticuloendothelial system. In the present work, the effect of GdCl -induced Kupffer cell blockade on the humoral immune response in 3 mice to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) was investigated. Kupffer cell phagocytosis blockade was found to increase both the primary and secondary immune responses to SRBC. The primary immune response was significantly augmented in animals injected intravenously with GdCl 2, 3 or 4 days before injection of the cellular antigen, but GdCl injected 7 days before the antigen did not modify the immune 3 3 response. Increased secondary humoral immune responses were also observed. When GdCl was injected 2 days before the second dose of 3 antigen, the numbers of both IgM and IgG-producing plaque forming cells were augmented. GdCl injected 2 days before the first dose of 3 51 SRBC did not modify the humoral immune response. Earlier studies with Cr-labelled foreign red blood cells suggested that the augmentation of the humoral immune response in GdCl -pretreated mice is a consequence of the spillover of the antigen from the liver 3 into the spleen and other extrahepatic reticuloendothelial organs.
Data in the literature concerning the role of Kupffer cells in anaphylaxis are contradictory. In the present study the effect of Kupffer cell blockade induced by gadolinium chloride (GdCI3) on anaphylactic shock was investigated. Our observations show that GdCIa prevents lethal anaphylactic shock in mice sensitized to ovalbumin. Gadolinium chloride given i.v. in a dose of 1 mg (100 g)-i body weight 24 or 48 h before the elicitation of anaphylactic shock resulted in 80% survival, compared with the 43% survival in the control group. The same dose of gadolinium chlorde and also other rare earth metal salts, like lanthanum-, praseodymium-, neodymium-, and european chlorides given i.v., one day before the elicitation of anaphylactic shock, greatly reduced the mortality in mice sensitized with ovalbumin and Bordatella pertussis vaccine. However, gadolinium chloride given, per os, in a dose of 2 mg (100 g)-~ body weight, one or two days before the elicitation of anaphylactic shock were ineffective. Gadolinum chloride similarly abrogated the symptoms of anaphylaxis, including the accumulation of serotonin and histamine in the liver. The results suggest that Kupffer cells play an important role in mouse anaphylaxis.
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