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A novel potentiometric sensor based on screen‐printed carbon electrode covered with electropolymerized polyaniline (PANI) and unsubstituted pillar[5]arene as ionophore has been developed and tested in potentiometric measurements of pH and metal ions. The introduction of pillar[5]arene improved the reversibility of the pH response in the range from 2.0 to 9.0 with the slope of 45 mV/pH. Among metal cations, the response to Fe3+ and Ag+ ions was referred to PANI redox conversion whereas the signal toward Cu2+ in the range from 1.0×10−6 to 1.0×10−2 M (limit of detection (LOD) 3.0×10−7 M) to specific interaction with the macrocycle.

The application of cholinesterase biosensor for preliminary testing of total pollution of domestic and industrial discharges has been investigated. The results indicate that biosensor-based testing is more sensitive than paramecia bioassay. For numerous samples tested, the inhibition degree of biosensor response exceeds the appropriate value of acute toxicity on Paramecium caudatum. Electrochemical oxidation of the samples, before the biosensor testing readily removes oxidizable compounds which do not effect a real risk of environmental pollution. Simultaneous determination of inhibitory effect, acute toxicity and biochemical (chemical) oxygen demand makes it possible to infer a possible source of contamination of waters.