Development of the walking ability and self-care of patients with Down syndrome is affected by their body weight determining their lifestyle to a great extent. Objectives: The study aimed at the determination of body mass index for persons living in residential institutions and families, exploration its impact on walking and self-care as two, objective factors of life quality. Method: Data collection of persons aged 3-35 with Down syndrome living in families covered seven counties, while those of living in residential institutions covered thirteen counties in Hungary. In the 183 cases studied 76 people in residential institutions, 107 people lived in families. The cross-sectional study was processed by non-random sample selection. The questionnaires were filled out by health visitors and care takers edited by their own. Results: 50.6% of adults and 26.1% of children belonged to the overweight or obese category. Their residence showed a significant correlation with the body mass index (p< 0.001). Overweight and obese persons in families, while thin ones were more prevalent in institutions. Regarding the walking ability and self-care of the persons living in families a significantly higher level of development was achieved (p< 0.001). Walking ability (p = 0.001) and self-care (p = 0,008) were worsened by less body weight significantly, while overweight or obesity influenced it less negatively. Discussion: The claim is not further acceptable whereas persons with Down syndrome are more prone to obesity than average people. However unfavourable weight gain in adults draws attention to the necessity to a healthy diet and regular exercise. The people living in residential institutions with significantly lower body mass index and the associated low development of walking ability and self-care envisages an urgent reform of residential institutions. Life in the institutions negatively affects the walking ability and self-care, and thus significantly reduces the quality of life of persons with Down's syndrome.
The occurrence of cervix cancer is outstandingly high in ZalaCounty
Objectives: During our research, we assessed how much demand is for antenatal courses, and which parents would like to participate and which topics are they interested in. MethOds: We carried out our quantitative, cross-sectional research in Győr and its surroundings in 2016. Hundred and thirty mothers filled out our own edited questionnaire, who did not attend antenatal courses, received prenatal care, and they were raising a minimum of one month, maximum two-year-old child. The sampling method was random and targeted, expert sampling. Descriptive statistics with frequency range, Chi2-test , and t test (p< 0.05) was performed with Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: 92% of surveyed mothers were raising their child with their partners and half of the families had one child. Mothers have upper-secondary education with almost the same proportion. Nearly identical proportions of the respondents with 40-40%, would participate regularly or occasionally in antenatal sessions. The demand for courses was not affected by the number of children in the family, marital status, maternal age and educational level and the frequency of participation of the father in examinations during pregnancy (c2 p> 0.05). We cannot detect any correlation between motivational level towards higher level of subjects of antenatal courses, number of children, education level, and mothers' intention to participate in antenatal courses (t test p> 0.05). However, we found that those mothers who would regularly participate in antenatal course, have a higher interest in the following topics: pregnancy studies, physiological process of labor, presentation of delivery room, natal period events, preparation for the new born and breast feeding (c2 p< 0.05). cOnclusiOns: Based on our research, the primary task of us, as professionals, to raise awareness about antenatal courses for every family expecting a baby, and it is especially important to provide information about somatic -psychic changes during becoming a mother.
is an equally efficacious alternative to urinary derived FSH, Menopur®. One differences between these products is their delivery devices; Gonal f® is provided as a multidose pen, Menopur® in vials or multidose preparation, and Bemfola® as a fixed dose pen. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of delivery device on drug wastage and associated cost. Methods: A retrospective analysis of Gonal-f® and Menopur® prescription and usage data from five UK infertility clinics was conducted to identify the level of wastage occurring from IVF cycles. Data collected included: number IVF cycles conducted in previous 12 months; daily dose; length of treatment; dose adjustment following ultrasound scan and FSH formulation(s) prescribed. The drug wastage for each patient was calculated and results compared to the potential Bemfola® wastage for these patients. The wastage cost was then determined using NHS list prices. Results: A total of 4724 IVF cycles were incorporated into the analysis. Of the 4078 Gonal-f® cycles, overall drug wastage was 650,775IU (5.7% of total dose prescribed) equating to 160IU per patient. For the 646 Menopur® cycles the wastage was 190,163IU (11.6% of total dose prescribed) equating to 294IU per patient. Had Bemfola® been used in these patients, the wastage would have been reduced to 104IU and 61IU per patient respectively. The use of Bemfola®, across all cycles, results in a drug wastage reduction of 376,800IUs and an associated cost saving of £100,011. Extrapolating this data to the annual number of UK IVF cycles results in a potential cost saving of £1,157,579. ConClusions: Using Bemfola® as an alternative to Gonal-f® or Menopur® can potentially reduce drug wastage and associated costs to both patients and the NHS.
responsiveness. A 20-point change on the BPD scale score (range from 0-100) is recommended as the responder threshold. Conclusions: The BPD scale is a short patient-reported outcome measure relevant to patients with HMB due to UF that can be used to assess their symptom burden.
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