Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is one of sleep disorder characterised by repeated episodes of total obstruction in the upper airway system during sleep. The incidence of OSAS is estimated to be 1-10% of general population. OSAS can be affected by several risk factors. One of risk factor of OSAS is upper airway abnormalities. The study aims to find out the association between individual risk factor including septum deviation, nasal turbinate hypertrophy, tonsillar hypertrophy and mallampati score with the incidence of OSAS in young adults.Methods: Analytic observational research with case-control design was carried out on young adults aged 18-23 years in the city of Semarang during May - September 2018 grouped into OSAS and non-OSAS based on Polysomnography (PSG), then history and physical examination were performed. Statistical tests were using chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression.Result: Total of 22 people were included in OSAS group and 22 were included in the control group. Bivariate analysis showed septum deviation (p= 0.005), tonsillar hypertrophy (p=0.015) and mallampati score (p<0.001) significantly related to the incidence of OSAS, whereas nasal turbinate hypertrophy was not associated with OSAS incident. The results of multivariate analysis found that BMI had an OR value of 133 (95% CI 12.726 – 1390.002, p<0.001) independently associated with the occurrence of OSAS in young adults.Conclusion: Septal deviation, tonsillar hypertrophy, mallampati score are the risk factors for OSAS in young adults.
Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) is a breathing disorder during sleep that can cause stopping breathing and trigger dangerous diseases. The main symptoms that can occur in OSAS patients are loud snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness so it can disrupt the quality of life and performance. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the risk factors for OSAS, after age, obesity, sex, neck circumference, and anatomic abnormalities of the airway. Allergic rhinitis can disrupt the quality of sleep patients. Allergic rhinitis patient has a risk of OSAS due to obstruction of the upper airways so airflow to the lungs is obstructed.Objective: To analyze the relationship of allergic rhinitis with the incidence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) in young adults.Methods: This study is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were obtained with a probability sampling method by consecutive sampling. The subject of this study were students of the Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, aged 18-23 years. This study consisted of interviews, BMI examination, neck circumference examination, nose, and throat examination, fill the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) questionnaire to assess OSAS and the Score For Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR) questionnaire to assess allergic rhinitis. Statistical tests use chi-square, fisher's exact test, and logistic regression.Results: The incidence of allergic rhinitis with OSAS in young adults occurred as much as 79,7%. Bivariate analyze showed allergic rhinitis associated significantly with the incidence of OSAS in young adults (p=0,000; PR=12,3). The most common group of allergic rhinitis symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients with OSAS is the group of symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion.Conclusion: Allergic rhinitis patients risk 12,3 times more likely to suffer from OSAS than non-allergic rhinitis in young adults.Keyword: Allergic Rhinitis, OSAS, Young Adults
LATAR BELAKANG: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) memiliki hubungan dua arah dengan stroke iskemik. OSA yang tidak diobati dapat menyebabkan stroke berulang. Penanganan OSA adalah kunci untuk preventif pada pasien stroke. TUJUAN: Mengetahui bahwa IMT, lingkar leher besar, deviasi septum, hipertrofi konka, hipertrofi tonsila palatina, makroglosia, obstruksi saluran nafas atas merupakan faktor risiko kejadian OSA pasien stroke iskemik. METODE: Penelitian observasional dengan desain cross sectional, subjek sebanyak 86 pasien stroke iskemik di Poli Neurologi dan THT-KL RSUP Kariadi Semarang bulan Desember 2021-Juli 2022. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan nasolaringoskopi fleksibel. Analisis menggunakan uji chi-square dan uji regresi multivariat. HASIL: Didapatkan 86 subjek terdiri dari 42 laki-laki(48,8%) dan perempuan 44 (51,2%), usia rerata 54 th, dan 61 subjek (70,9%) stroke iskemik pertama. IMT (p= 0,191), lingkar leher (p= 0,402), septum deviasi (p= 0,020), hipertrofi konka inferior (p= 0,021), makroglosia (p= 0,012), hipertrofi tonsila palatina (p= 0,013), dan obstruksi saluran nafas atas (p= 0,035) berisiko terhadap kejadian OSA pada pasien stroke iskemik. Septum deviasi berisiko 6,1x, konka inferior hipertrofi berisiko 4,1x, dan hipertrofi tonsila palatina berisiko 8,8x terhadap kejadian OSA pada pasien stroke iskemik. KESIMPULAN: Septum deviasi, konka inferior hipertrofi, makroglossia, hipertrofi tonsila palatina, makroglosia, dan obstruksi saluran nafas atas merupakan faktor resiko terhadap kejadian OSA pasien stroke iskemik. Hipertrofi tonsila palatina merupakan faktor risiko yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian OSA pasien stroke iskemik. Kata Kunci: OSA, faktor risiko, stroke iskemik.
pengantar :Gangguan pendengaran merupakan gejala yang paling sering dialami oleh penderita Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC), karena adanya hubungan antara telinga tengah dengan nasofaring melalui tuba eustachius. Timpanometri adalah tes pendengaran yang dapat mengevaluasi telinga tengah. Objektif : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan timpanogram dengan lokasi dan ukuran tumor karsinoma nasofaring di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang pasien KNF di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang, Juli 2020 sampai Juni 2021. Timpanometri dilakukan pada awal diagnosis KNF, lokasi dan ukuran tumor berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan fisik kepala dan leher, nasofaringoskopi dan CT scan. Analisis data dengan spearmen rho. tes. Hasil :Dari 52 subjek yang terdiagnosis KNF, sebagian besar berusia dekade ke-5. Lokasi tumor yang paling umum adalah di fossa Rossenmuler dan meluas ke dinding lateral dan atap nasofaring secara bilateral (n=29; 55,7%). Ukuran tumor terbanyak adalah T4 (n=26;50%). Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa citra timpanogram memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan lokasi tumor pada pasien KNF (r=0,853; p<0,001), tetapi tidak berkorelasi dengan ukuran tumor (r=0,061; p=0,668). Kesimpulan : Timpanogram berhubungan dengan lokasi tumor karsinoma nasofaring, tidak berhubungan dengan ukuran tumor.
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