This study is aimed to analyze probabilistic thinking of elementary school students based on math ability and gender differences. Descriptive explorative approach was used to describe in depth probabilistic thinking of boys with high, middle, low math ability and girls with high, middle, low math ability. The result showed that probabilistic thinking of boy with high math ability indicated multistructural because his thinking quantitative and proportional. While probabilistic thinking of boys with middle, low math ability and girls with high, middle, low math ability indicated unistructural because their thinking quantitative and non proportional. Beside that, boys’ thinking in solving probability tasks was more analytical and flexible than girls’ thinking. So, students with math ability difference, gave difference response in solving probability tasks. This result found new strategy in solving probability comparison task. This result could contribute to curriculum developer to introduce probability in elementary school level and teachers could use discussion method in teaching probability material.
The purpose of this study was to describe the ability of teachers to manage to learn using the POGIL model and to describe students' critical thinking skills after being taught using the POGIL model. This type of research was quantitative research. The research design used was one group posttest only, with a population of all VII grade students of SMP N 1 Geger, and one class was taken randomly as a sample, namely class VIIC as the sample. The data collection techniques used were observation and tests. Observations were made to obtain data on the ability of teachers in managing to learn using the POGIL learning model and tests were carried out to obtain data on students' critical thinking abilities. The data analysis used was descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the teacher's ability to manage to learn was said to be effective because the average results of the observed aspects in learning I and II were in good and very good categories. This shows that the teacher has carried out the learning process well and was by the steps of the POGIL learning model. The POGIL learning model was also able to develop students' critical thinking skills because the total percentage of students with high and moderate critical thinking skills was more than 80%. Keywords: critical thinking, POGIL learning model.
Berpikir probabilistik setiap orang berbeda, karena perbedaan budaya mengakibatkan perbedaan pengetahuan probabilistik, sedangkan pengetahun probabilistik mempengaruhi pemikiran probabilistik. Perbedaan berpikir probabilistik siswa berbeda-beda tergantung pada level berpikir probabilistik siswa. Di Indonesia pertumbuhan tingkat berpikir probabilistik siswa sekolah dasar sedikit mendapat perhatian oleh para peneliti. Hal ini karena materi probabilitas dikenalkan pertama kali di tingkat SMP kelas IX. Padahal mengembangkan berpikir probabilistik siswa di tingkat dasar sangat penting sebagai pondasi untuk mempelajari probabilitas di tingkat yang lebih tinggi. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi pertumbuhan tingkat berpikir probabilistik siswa sekolah dasar dalam menyelesaikan tugas probabilitas standar dan tugas probabilitas eksperimen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa leki-laki berkemampuan tinggi dan rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Level berpikir probabilistik siswa sekolah dasar mengalami pertumbuhan setelah diberi tugas probabilitas eksperimen, terutama pada tugas ruang sampel dan probabilitas suatu kejadian. Hal ini karena eksperimen memberikan pengalaman langsung kepada siswa untuk memanipulasi bendabenda yang disediakan dalam menyelesaikan tugas probabilitas. Namun, pada tugas perbandingan probabilitas level berpikir probabilistik siswa tidak mengalami perubahan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi guru untuk mengajarkan probabilitas di tingkat sekolah dasar dengan memberikan tugas perbandingan probabilitas sebagai langkah awal untuk menggali berpikir probabilistik siswa, terutama pada jenis tugas pemutaran spinner.
Learning activities were changed from face-to-face to full-online due to the COVID-19 pandemic at the end of 2019. Online learning through WhatsApp Group (WAG) was used by a mathematics teacher in higher education program in the early 2020. However, the learning result showed that 75% of preservice teacher were unable to accomplish their elementary linear algebra material. The combination of online learning through asynchronous method and synchronous learning was an alternative solution to solve the problem and enable preservice teachers having virtual face-to-face interactions with their lecturers. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the improvement in preservice teachers' learning outcomes and responses to synchronous and asynchronous learning. The research design used was one group posttest-only with 23 subjects were selected by clustered random sampling. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. The test results showed that learning outcomes after synchronous and asynchronous learning was effective. While the questionnaire results expressed most preservice teachers gave a positive response to both learning methods. Thus, the combination of the two methods could improve the effectiveness of online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. It is recommended that higher education institutions provide innovative e-learning platforms for preservice teachers in developing further online learning methods.
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