We have 8 years to 2030, when the promises and targets of sustainable development and smart growth are expected to be achieved at the global level, the agenda items about sustainability remain urgent. Sustainable development and smart growth are more important than ever. The managers of the Sustainable and Smart concepts are local governments that own urban units and can make more critical decisions due to scale permits, rather than the changing policies of states. Considering the point reached, it can be observed that the concepts of the sustainable neighborhood, community and city are based on different foundations in the light of assessment tools and models, although the urban terminology that develops with the concept of sustainability is often used to support each other. It can even be said that its sustainable indicators are close to smart city criteria rather than sustainability criteria. In this study, sustainable neighborhood, community and city criteria, the mentioned urban units were determined, defined, and interpreted through 18 assessment tools, guidelines, standards, and models in total.
Humanity has always been in a struggle to express itself to others. They conveyed through marks and symbols on cave walls, head stones, clay tablets and papyrus before the invention of writing and society. Today urban areas and especially streets are places that carry social marks first-hand. They retain these semiotic signs and become a collective of symbols that link the past to the present and future. Graffiti, which is a part of such communication, is the way people express emotions and ideas to society through symbols. In this study, the attitude of the residents in Izmir City about graffiti, whether they see it as an art form or visual pollution, is studied. A survey was applied to 100 citizens, including fieldwork, photo-shoots and interviews done with 20 people. Part of the graffiti in Izmir urban identity is determined and the results are presented.
Abstract. The modern world is fast in many ways and a place where technological innovations can be adapted immediately. This speed and technological progress can be seen as a kind of development. It has positive as well as negative aspects. Economic and social problems, population growth, consumption of resources, high energy use, environmental pollution and climate change are negative phenomena brought by the modern world. Cities can also be seen as units that work on different strategies and models due to fast living, environmental, social and economic problems. Especially developing urban technology, the increase in the population rate in the cities and environmental problems have led to the development and discussion of many terms and concepts in the architecture and design literature in the urbanization process. The word and concept accumulation they possess is too much to ignore. The concepts of smart city, digital city and intelligent city are the concepts put forward to solve the problems caused by the urban developing world. These three concepts are based on the use of urban technology and they are either confused with each other or their boundaries are not determined too much. In this study, while determining the boundaries of these concepts, which have a lot in common with each other, similarities and differences between the concepts were revealed and suggestions were made regarding the definitions of the concepts.
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