The paper presents an innovative method to determine anchor forces in anchor channels exposed to longitudinal shear loads. The channel's loadbearing behavior is experimentally investigated by fiber-optic techniques recording the longitudinal strains. For the first time these recordings uncover the inner flux of forces and enable to deduce the load distribution on the anchors. Before applying on anchor channels, the devices and components as well as its application are tested on a tension rod. Altogether 200 tests on anchor channels are performed varying the types of channel and anchor, the number of anchors, the closest distance of an anchor to the loaded edge and the position of load application. The tests confirmed that all available anchors (up to five were tested) transfer forces into the concrete member. Load distribution on the anchors is not uniform but depends on the type of anchor, the position of load application, the distance between the anchors and load application and the number of anchors available. By contrast, channel type and edge distance of the front anchor have little impact.
Zusammenfassung Faseroptische Messsysteme ermöglichen eine nahezu kontinuierliche Aufnahme von Dehnung und Temperatur entlang einer Messfaser. Zur Dehnungsmessung sollte die Faser mit einem Klebstoff direkt auf dem Bauteil appliziert werden, bei Temperaturmessungen in der Regel geschützt und verbundlos in Kapillaren geführt sein. Feldartige, zweidimensionale Aufnahmen entstehen entweder, wenn die Fasern kreuzweise gerastert angeordnet sind oder aus Interpolationen zwischen mehreren, nach den erwarteten Gradienten gestaffelten Fasern einer Verlegerichtung. Der Beitrag stellt die grundlegenden Messprinzipien der Faseroptik, erzielbare Genauigkeiten, geeignete Applikationen in Stahlbetonbauteilen und die feldartige Messung von Dehnungen oder Temperaturen vor. Beispiele der Dehnungsmessung an Ankerschienen und der Temperaturfeldaufnahme in einem Stahlbetonbalken zeigen die praktische Anwendung.
Experimental results of tests to investigate the load-bearing behavior of anchor channels embedded in concrete and subjected to loads in three-dimensional (3D) interaction are presented. For testing, a variably adjustable rig is introduced in which arbitrary 3D loads are applied with just one hydraulic cylinder. Investigations focus on concrete failure. The test program includes variable load angles and anchor channels installed at the edges and at corner of concrete prisms. In both configurations a significant impact of the loading direction regarding the channel axis is found. Mathematically interaction is captured with trilinear and Lamè curves. Therein, the experimental findings are reflected by individual model parameters that yield the best fit in regression. For both configurations, an optimal prognosis model is derived which covers all 3D load situations in assured quality. Moreover, the tests prove the general suitability of the developed rig, which thus qualifies for application in other experimental settings.
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