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Simultaneous transesterification and esterification of rapeseed oil with methanol in the presence of myristic acid was investigated. The effect of reaction temperature (120, 150 and 170°C) and the effect of initial free fatty acid content in oil (0, 10 and 20 wt%) on reaction rate were studied. The catalysts were found to increase the rate of all reactions. Sulfated zirconia prepared by a solvent-free method exhibited higher activity in simultaneous reaction than the conventional method. The presence of 10 wt% free fatty acids in the triglyceride increased the reaction rate and the final total fatty acid methyl esters content, and suggests that a ''non-catalytic'' reaction may be feasible.

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