Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is an annual plant from Polygonaceae family which is well known as pseudocereal with high nutritional value. The yield and quality of the buckwheat`s kernel depend on weather conditions, mainly due to variations in the air temperatures and precipitation during the growing period. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of some metrological parameters on yields and chemical compositions in the kernel of buckwheat. Field experiments were conducted during three years (2011, 2012 and 2013) in the village Donje Selo, near Ilijaš. In this study grain yield, protein content, sludge, fats, mineral matter, cellulose and total phenols were determined. Experimental results suggested that the weather conditions in different years of the research have a significant impact on the yield and the chemical composition of the kernel. The yield of buckwheat varied from the year to year and ranged from 0.98 to 1.29 tons per hectare. Contents of protein and starch were also significantly dependent on the year of the research, as well as the content of phenol in the kernel. High total phenolic content was recorded in the year with the highest average monthly air temperature.
In order to analyze morphological characteristics of locally cultivated
common bean landraces from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), thirteen
quantitative and qualitative traits of 40 P. vulgaris accessions, collected
from four geographical regions (Northwest B&H, Northeast B&H, Central B&H and
Sarajevo) and maintained at the Gene bank of the Faculty of Agriculture and
Food Sciences in Sarajevo, were examined. Principal component analysis (PCA)
showed that the proportion of variance retained in the first two principal
components was 54.35%. The first principal component had high contributing
factor loadings from seed width, seed height and seed weight, whilst the
second principal component had high contributing factor loadings from the
analyzed traits seed per pod and pod length. PCA plot, based on the first two
principal components, displayed a high level of variability among the
analyzed material. The discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC)
created 3 discriminant functions (DF), whereby the first two discriminant
functions accounted for 90.4% of the variance retained. Based on the retained
DFs, DAPC provided group membership probabilities which showed that 70% of
the accessions examined were correctly classified between the geographically
defined groups. Based on the taxonomic distance, 40 common bean accessions
analyzed in this study formed two major clusters, whereas two accessions
Acc304 and Acc307 didn?t group in any of those. Acc360 and Acc362, as well as
Acc324 and Acc371 displayed a high level of similarity and are probably the
same landrace. The present diversity of Bosnia and Herzegovina?s common been
landraces could be useful in future breeding programs.
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an annual plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is used as an aromatic and medicinal plant. Basil is grown in different regions with varying climates; the productivity and quality are influenced by both abiotic and biotic factors. This study was aimed to determine the impact of the application of different types of fertilizers on the yield and contents of some bioactive components in basil. The treatments consisted of three different types of fertilizers (mineral, organomineral, and organic) and control (without fertilization). The yield per plant and the essential oil content with fertilizer treatment were better than that in control. The highest fresh yield (450.9 g per plant) and oil content (0.94 mL 100 g-1) were recorded in basil cultivated using mineral fertilizers. Furthermore, the fresh yield (333.9 and 327.8 g per plant) and oil content (0.87 and 0.85 mL 100 g-1) were higher after the application of organic and organomineral fertilizers compared to that in the control treatment. There was no significant effect of fertilizer application on the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity. This study demonstrated a suitable practical application of organomineral fertilizers as a nutrient source in basil crop production in areas where the use of mineral and organic fertilizers is limited.
SUMMARYContinuous sunflower breeding work at the Agricultural Institute Osijek results in the creation of new hybrid combinations which are then tested in a network of micro and macro trials. This paper presents the results of the investigation on seven sunflower hybrids: one standard and six new hybrid combinations (OS-H-2 to OS-H-7) from the Agricultural Institute Osijek, in a period of four years (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) at a location in Osijek. Trials were set as RCBD and the most important sunflower traits were analyzed: grain yield, oil content and oil yield. The results indicate that the values of analyzed traits were significantly impacted by year (and respectively by weather conditions), hybrid and the year x hybrid interaction. The highest yield was observed in 2013, when grain yield achieved 6.243 t/ha and oil yield 2.889 t/ha. The highest oil content was recorded in the year 2012 (51.35%). The highest grain yield was achieved by the hybrids OS-H-4 (6.257 t/ha) and OS-H-2 (5.911 t/ha), and oil content by hybrids OS-H-3 (51.83%) and OS-H-4 (51.62%). The hybrid OS-H-4 had the highest oil yield (2.944 t/ha), and it can therefore be considered as a promising hybrid for application on the recognition process in the country and abroad.
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