The Effect of Environment on the Phenotypic Expression of Grain Yield, Oil Content and Oil Yield in Sunflower Hybrids

Abstract

SUMMARYContinuous sunflower breeding work at the Agricultural Institute Osijek results in the creation of new hybrid combinations which are then tested in a network of micro and macro trials. This paper presents the results of the investigation on seven sunflower hybrids: one standard and six new hybrid combinations (OS-H-2 to OS-H-7) from the Agricultural Institute Osijek, in a period of four years (2012)(2013)(2014)(2015) at a location in Osijek. Trials were set as RCBD and the most important sunflower traits were analyzed: grain yield, oil content and oil yield. The results indicate that the values of analyzed traits were significantly impacted by year (and respectively by weather conditions), hybrid and the year x hybrid interaction. The highest yield was observed in 2013, when grain yield achieved 6.243 t/ha and oil yield 2.889 t/ha. The highest oil content was recorded in the year 2012 (51.35%). The highest grain yield was achieved by the hybrids OS-H-4 (6.257 t/ha) and OS-H-2 (5.911 t/ha), and oil content by hybrids OS-H-3 (51.83%) and OS-H-4 (51.62%). The hybrid OS-H-4 had the highest oil yield (2.944 t/ha), and it can therefore be considered as a promising hybrid for application on the recognition process in the country and abroad.

Status and Perspectives of Sunflower Production in Croatia

“…Based on fiveyear averages, a slight upward trend in average temperatures by months can be observed (Table 2). Increasingly, the occurrence of high daily maximum temperatures, but also fluctuations in weather parameters on a daily and weekly basis (Mijić et al, 2017), which can be expected in the future as well (Jug et al, 2018). This is supported by the research of Debaeke et al (2017) who point to increasingly frequent weather changes that are characterized by: higher temperatures, elevated CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere, the occurrence of weather extremes, and water scarcity in agriculture.…”

“…Achieving the optimum of agronomic traits in a wide range of different agroecological conditions is objectively an extremely complex process that requires a lot of knowledge. Numerous authors have written about the influence of precipitation and temperature on the most important agronomic traits of sunflower (Šimić et al, 2008;Černý et al, 2011Mijić et al, 2012Mijić et al, , 2017Černý and Veverkova, 2012;González et al, 2013;Milošević et al, 2015;Liović et al, 2017;Jocković et al, 2019).…”

Sunflower agronomic traits in field irrigation conditions

“…OY's average values in rainfed treatment were 2.05 and 1.70 t/ha in 2013 and 2014, respectively, and 2.21 and 1.63 t/ha in irrigated treatment in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Higher oil yields in 2013 compared to oil yields in 2014 were confirmed by MIJIĆ et al (2017), stating that the cause of such results is a satisfactory reserve of winter moisture and not too high-temperature maxima in 2013. The average OY values in eight hybrids investigated in this study were lower than those recorded by LIOVIĆ et al (2017).…”

Evaluation of Sunflower Hybrids in Multi-Environment Trial (Met)

“…GGE biplot evaluate test locations in order to identify the best performing genotypes. Several previous studies investigated GE interaction in the sunflower seed yield (De La Vega and Chapman, 2001, 2006Branković et al, 2012;Casadebaig et al, 2016;Mijić et al, 2017). concluded that the variation of seed yield in sunflower was mainly caused by location, indicating the narrow adaptability, an i.e.…”