Background: One of the most frequent ear illnesses in underdeveloped countries is chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). In the treatment of CSOM, otolaryngologists debate whether to perform tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy. Objective: To compare the outcome of tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy in the treatment of tubotympanic type chronic suppurative otitis media. Methods: This comparative study was carried out in the Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from July 2017 to June 2019 over a period of 02 years. A total number of 60 patients who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy were enrolled in this study. After enrollment the condition of the pinna, preauricular region, postauricular region and external auditory cannal were examined. On otoscopy, site and size of perforation of tympanic membrane, condition of the rest of the tympanic membrane, condition of the middle car mucosa and the ossicles were also examined. Tuning fork tests, test for facial nerve integrity and fistula test were performed. Hearing level was assessed by pure tone audiometry with masking. Enrolled patients were grouped into two groups. Patients who underwent type- 1 tympanoplasty alone kept in group A and who underwent type 1 tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy kept in group B. Complete blood count, blood urea, serum creatinine, random sugar, ECG and X-ray chest P/A view were done routinely. Results: Females were 76.7% in group-A and 53.3% in group-B. All patients were of age between 16 to 60 years and most of them were in the age group of 21-30 years. Majority of the patients were from rural area and maximum patients were from middle class family. In most of the patients unilateral ear involvement was observed. Perforation site was central malleolar in maximum cases followed by anterior central and posterior central. Perforation size was ........
Background: Congenital heart disease is defined as a gross structural abnormalities of the heart or intra-thoracic great vessels that is either functionally significant or has the potential to be so. Objective: In this study main goal is to evaluate the prevalence and risk factor of congenital heart defects in Bangladesh. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out tertiary medical hospital from January 2021 to January 2022. A total of 100 children up to 12 years of age admitted in three pediatric units of this hospital during the study period. All normal patients were discharged and congenital heart disease cases had given follow up at 01months to 06 months interval. Results: During the study, majority were belong to 7-12 years age group, 54% and 60% were female. 20% had prematurity, followed by 10% had genetic syndrome, 3% had congenital neurological anomaly, 2% had congenital gastrointestinal anomaly. Majority had low birth weight, 40%. Followed by 35% cases mother had <37 week of gestational age, 62% cases had prenatal infection, 45% cases were Prenatal contact with toxic substances, 55% cases had gestational hypertension and diabetes, 40% cases prenatal anemia. In addition, 25% had Atrial septal defect, 22% had Ventricular septal defect, 20% had Patent foramen ovale, 11% had Patent ductus arteriosus, 10% had Pulmonary stenosis, 4% had Tetralogy of Fallot. Conclusion: In conclusion we can say prevalence of CHD is increasing where both a trial septal defect and Ventricular septal defect are quite common. In addition, lower birth weight, gestational hypertension and diabetes are reported as risk factor developing CHD in neonates.
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