ABSTRACT. Twenty-five cultivars of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] were examined under both drought stress and normal conditions in 4 experiments. In each condition, genotypes were evaluated in a factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Eight drought tolerance indices including stability tolerance index, mean productivity (MP), geometric MP, harmonic mean, stress susceptibility index, tolerance index, yield index, and yield stability index were estimated for each genotype based on grain yield under drought (Ys) and irrigated conditions (Yp). The results indicated that there were positive and significant correlations among Yp and Ys with geometric MP, MP, harmonic mean, and stability tolerance index, indicating that these factors are better predictors of Yp and Ys than tolerance index, stress susceptibility index, yield stability index, and yield index. Based on adjusted means at Yp and Ys, indices geometric MP, MP, harmonic mean, and stability tolerance index, unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster and biplot analysis, the most tolerant cultivars were '9929020', '9929034', and 'N 95B'.

Resumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a presença do alelo Pvr4, que confere resistência contra o PepYMV (Pepper yellow mosaic virus), em genótipos de pimentão comunmente encontrados no mercado brasileiro, com uso de um marcador molecular codominante tipo CAPS. A resistência ao PepYMV, nos genótipos CM-334-INRA, Myr-29 e em genótipos derivados do híbrido comercial Mônica-R, foi detectada como associada à banda de 444 pb, ligada ao alelo de resistência Pvr4. As plantas resistentes homozigotas (Pvr4/Pvr4) mostraram uma banda de 444 pb, as suscetíveis (Pvr4 Marker-assisted selection for resistance to potyvirus in sweet pepperAbstract -The objective of this work was to determine the presence of the Pvr4 allele, which controls the resistance to the PepYMV (Pepper yellow mosaic virus), in sweet pepper genotypes commonly available in the Brazilian market, using a CAPS codominant molecular marker. The resistance to PepYMV, in the genotypes CM-334-INRA, Myr-29, and in genotypes derived from the hybrid Mônica-R, was found to be associated with the 444 bp band linked to the resistance allele Pvr4. Homozygous resistant plants (Pvr4/Pvr4) showed a single band of 444 bp, the susceptible ones (Pvr4showed a band of 458 bp, and the heterozygous resistant plants (Pvr4 + /Pvr4) showed both bands. However, in the resistant accession CM-334-UFV, and in the hybrids Magali-R and Martha-R, as well as in populations derived from this accession and these hybrids, the resistance to PepYMV was not associated to the CAPS marker. The accession CM-334-UFV ('Criollo de Morelos-334' from Viçosa, MG, Brazil) was distinct from CM-334-INRA ('Criollo de Morelos-334', from France); although both accessions were resistant to PepYMV, the association of resistance with the 444 bp band was found only in CM-334-INRA.

ResumoCom o presente trabalho, objetivou-se estimar a capacidade combinatória de linhagens de tomate ricas em acilaçúcares (AA) quando cruzadas com linhagens com baixo teor de acilaçúcares e estudar a expressão da heterose nos híbridos obtidos. O experimento foi realizado no campo da HortiAgro Sementes Ltda, localizada em Ijaci-MG. O material genético foi constituído de seis híbridos experimentais em esquema de dialelo parcial, constituído de três genitores masculinos (grupo I, com altos teores de acilaçúcares) e dois genitores femininos (grupo II, com baixos teores). Foram avaliadas as características: massa média de fruto (g fruto -1 ) e produção por hectare (t ha -1 ). As linhagens TOM-687 e TOM-688 (ricas em AA e resistentes a pragas) apresentaram estimativas positivas dos efeitos de capacidade geral de combinação, para massa média de frutos, e estimativas negativas, para produção, o que significa que elas contribuíram positivamente para aumento no tamanho do fruto, mas reduziram a produtividade dos híbridos. Já a linhagem TOM-689, ao contrário das duas anteriores, contribuiu para reduzir o tamanho do fruto, mas contribuiu para aumentar a produtividade dos híbridos. Os híbridos obtidos do cruzamento de linhagens com altos teores de acilaçúcares mostraram-se competitivas quando comparadas a híbridos comerciais encontrados no mercado. As melhores combinações híbridos foram obtidas quando as linhas com altos teores de acilaçúcares foram cruzadas com a linhagem elite TOM-684. Termos para indexação: Lycopersicon pennellii, vigor híbrido, aleloquímicos. AbstractThe objective of this work was to assess heterosis and combining ability of tomato lines with high acylsugar (AS) content (group I) and lines with low AS (group II) used to produce AS-rich tomato hybrids. The trial was carried out at the seed production station of the HortiAgro Sementes Ltda., at Ijaci-MG. The genetic material consisted of six experimental hybrids obtained from crosses between three male parents with high AS (group I) and two female parents with low AS (group II). Average fruit weight (g fruit -1 ) and total yield (t ha -1 ) were the traits assessed. The AS-rich pest-resistant lines TOM-687 and TOM-688 showed positive estimates of general combining ability for average fruit mass and negative for yield, increasing fruit size, and reducing the yield of the hybrids. Unlike the two previous lines, TOM-689 presented negative estimates for fruit mass and positive for fruit yield. The data showed that it is feasible to get competitive hybrids from lines with AS sugar content. The best hybrids were produced when these lines were crossed with TOM-684.

RESUMO.O trabalho teve como objetivo gerar informações sobre a capacidade combinatória de linhagens de pimentão por meio da análise dialélica multivariada. Foram utilizadas 13 linhagens de pimentão previamente selecionadas com base na reação ao mosaico amarelo do pimentão, sendo oito linhagens com reação do tipo resistência e cinco com reação do tipo suscetibilidade, num dialelo 8 x 5, mais as linhagens parentais. Os 53 tratamentos foram avaliados em estufa em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, sendo avaliadas a produção total e precoce de frutos, massa média de frutos e altura de plantas. A partir dessas quatro características foi realizada a análise dialélica univariada e multivariada. A análise dialélica multivariada apresentou resultados semelhantes às análises dialélicas univariadas, com predominância dos efeitos não-aditivos. Estimativas favoráveis para CGC ocorreram para as características produção total e precoce de frutos nas linhagens PIX-031D-188-14-10 e PIM-013 nos grupos 1 e 2, respectivamente. As linhagens PIX-031D-171-10-10, PIX-031D-188-14-05 e PIM-004 destacaram-se para massa média de frutos e altura de plantas. As estimativas de CEC variaram bastante para as características avaliadas. A utilização da análise dialélica multivariada é uma boa opção para escolha de genitores, pois considera vários caracteres simultaneamente.Palavras-chave: Capsicum annuum, heterose, efeito gênico, seleção.ABSTRACT. Combining ability of sweet pepper lines by multivariate diallel analysis. The objective of this work was to obtain information on the combining ability of sweet pepper lines by multivariate diallel analysis. Thirteen sweet pepper lines previously selected based on the reaction of sweet pepper yellow mosaic, being eight lines with resistance reaction and five susceptible lines, were used in a 8x5 partial diallel evaluated with the parental lines. The 53 genotypes were evaluated in greenhouse trials in a randomized blocks design with four replications. The traits total fruit yield, early fruit yield, mean fruit mass and plant height were evaluated. From these four traits, a univariate and multivariate diallel analysis was performed. Multivariate diallel analysis results were similar to those from univariate diallel analyses, with a predominance of non-additive effects. Favorable estimates of the GCA occurred for total fruit yield and early fruit yield in PIX-031D-188-14-10 and PIM-013 in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The PIX-031D-171-10-10, PIX-031D-188-14-05 and PIM-004 lines were higher for mean fruit mass and plant height. The SCA estimates varied considerably for the evaluated features. Multivariate diallel analysis is a good option for parental choice, since it considers several characters simultaneously.

The aim was to assess heterosis in a set of 16 summer-squash hybrids, and evaluate the combining capacity of the respective parental lines, which differed as to the degree of parthenocarpy and resistance to PRSV-W (Papaya Ringspot Virus-Watermelon strain). The hybrids were obtained using a partial diallel cross design (4 × 4). The lines of parental group I were 1 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-01-01-bulk, 2 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-03-10-bulk, 3 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-01-04-bulk and 4 = ABX-037G-77-03-05-05-01-bulk, and of group II, 1′ = ABX-037G-77-03-05-04-08-bulk, 2′ = ABX-037G-77-03-05-02-11-bulk, 3′ = Clarice and 4′ = Caserta. The 16 hybrids and eight parental lines were evaluated for PRSV-W resistance, parthenocarpic expression and yield in randomized complete-block designs, with three replications. Parthenocarpy and the resistance to PRSV-W were rated by means of a scale from 1 to 5, where 1 = non-parthenocarpic or high resistance to PRSV-W, and 5 = parthenocarpic or high susceptibility to PRSV-W. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were important in the expression of parthenocarpy and resistance to PRSV-W. Whereas estimates of heterosis in parthenocarpy usually tended towards a higher degree, resistance to PRSV-W was towards higher susceptibility. At least one F1 hybrid was identified with a satisfactory degree of parthenocarpy, resistance to PRSV-W and high fruit-yield.