Summary. The application of the Watts‐Vernon Reading Test and a Non‐Verbal Reasoning Test to the whole of the fourth year pupils in fourteen secondary modern schools gave 426 pupils with a reading quotient <80; of these 204 had standardised non‐verbal reasoning scores ≥90. Thirty backward boys and twenty‐five backward girls, all of whom had non‐verbal reasoning scores ≥90, were paired, individually, with average to good readers, matched for non‐verbal score, social class, sex and school. The groups undertook a number of individual tests. The boys who were backward had a poorer performance on certain tests compared with non‐backward boys, and a greatly inferior performance to backward girls on the tests of copying and dictation.
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