This study examines the residual geographical variations in infant and child mortality and how the different categories of the risk factors account for the spatial inequality in West African countries. To this end, we pooled data for 10 of the countries extracted from Demographic and Health Surveys and used the spatial extension of discrete-time survival model to examine how the variables exert influence on infant and child mortality across space. Inference was Bayesian based on the computational efficient MCMC technique. We found different geographical patterns for infant and child mortality. In the case of children under five, demographic factors inherent to the mother and child as well as maternal status variables when accounted for explain away a good part of the huge variations observed in the crude rates. There are no evidence of significant variations, however, in infant mortality except for three neighbouring regions of Liberia and Sierra Leone. The findings can guide in evidence-based allocation of scarce resources in West Africa with the aim of improving the survival chance of young children.

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This paper investigates the existence of secondary flow superimposed on the reactive fluid a channel filled with porous materials. At maximum temperature, it is well-known that the energy equation has two solutions. For this purpose, the exact solution of the velocity profile is obtained and used to compute the multiple solutions arising from the nonlinear internal heat generation within the flow region. The effect of various flow parameters on the multiple solutions are presented graphically and discussed based on the physics of the fluid.

A just identified two-equation econometric model is simulated using both Classical and Bayesian procedures. The estimates of the parameters for both methods were compared under a wide range of scenarios; sample size, residual variance and variance of the data on the predetermined variable. The Monte Carlo experiment was performed using E-veiws and WinBUGS computer softwares. The median, being a robust estimator of average in terms of validity, was used as the posterior estimate. As indicated in similar research in the past where the posterior mode was used as estimate, the Bayesian procedure performed better in most cases, while some scenarios showed similar behavior for the two procedures.