Due to changes in the characteristics of the fuel equipment during operation, a considerable part of the life cycle of locomotive engines operate under increased fuel consumption, and thermal voltage, which often causes degraded environmental performance and reduced engine capacity and, as a result, low efficiency of the locomotive. A reserve for improving the performance of the diesel plant and the diesel locomotive in general is the implementation of measures to prevent changes in the characteristics of the fuel system, for example, the development of clean-in-place technique of fuel systems from carbon deposits. In order to determine the effectiveness of such measures, it is necessary to apply new quality control methods of fuel atomization. The article offers a more informative method for evaluating the quality of fuel atomization, which can be used in locomotive depots during research and development work. The method consists of microphotography of the drops of sprayed fuel followed by microscopic analysis and processing of the results using special software. It is proposed to process the results of injectors testing using a statistical method, taking into account the parameters according to the Rosin-Rammler dependence for the relative total curve. As a result of the work, it became possible to develop requirements and implement technical improvements to the test stands for fuel equipment of diesel locomotives.
This paper analyzes various types of startup systems used for the heat and power facility start-up. Factors impacting startup characteristics of the heat and power facility were considered. Methods for the modernization of the startup system and possible revamping of auxiliary starting aid devices of locomotive diesel engines without significant design changes by means of cylinder test valve opening were identified. Kinematic diagrams of device gearing for automatic decompression of the heat and power facility cylinders were developed and analyzed. The device requirements were determined, namely, response time, cylinder test valve open and closing torque overriding Tmin=11 Nm. Based on the necessity of torque backup at least 30 % the gear ratio required for the selected engine and its dimensions was calculated.
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