<p>Dua varietas baru tembakau madura yang memiliki daun 3–5 lembar lebih banyak dibanding varietas praktik Prancak-95, Prancak N-1, dan Prancak N-2, telah diperoleh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh aplikasi beberapa dosis N dan K terhadap produksi dan mutu dua varietas baru tembakau madura. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Bajang, Kecamatan Pakong, Kabupaten Pamekasan mulai bulan Januari hingga Desember 2013. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah petak terbagi dan diulang 3 kali. Perlakuan petak utama adalah 2 varietas tembakau madura: Prancak S1 Agribun dan Prancak T1 Agribun. Sebagai anak petak adalah 9 kombinasi jenis dan dosis pupuk N dan K: 1) 40 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 2) 50 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 3) 60 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 4) 40 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 5) 50 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 6) 60 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 7) 40 kg N + 75 kg K2O, 8) 50 kg N + 75 kg K2O, dan 9) 60 kg N + 75 kg K2O/ha. Pupuk SP-36 sebanyak 36 kg P2O5/ha dan pupuk kandang 5 ton/ha diberikan 3 hari sebelum tanam sebagai pupuk dasar. Pupuk N bersumber dari pupuk ZA dan K dari ZK masing-masing 1/3 dosis diberikan pada 10 hari setelah tanam (HST), sedangkan sisa pupuk ZA dan ZK masing-masing 2/3 dosis diaplikasikan pada 21 HST. Pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan, hasil dan mutu tembakau, rendemen, indeks mutu dan indeks tanaman, serta analisa kadar nikotin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh faktor dua varietas tembakau madura Prancak S1 Agribun dan Prancak T1 Agribun yang diuji relatif sama terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil, dan mutu. Hasil uji kontras menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan dosis pupuk N tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pertumbuhan, hasil, dan mutu. Namun peningkatan dosis pupuk K berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter pertumbuhan, hasil, dan mutu pada dosis pemupukan N tertentu. Kombinasi pupuk N dan K yang diuji berbeda nyata terhadap parameter panjang dan lebar daun, hasil rajangan kering, rendemen, dan indeks tanaman. Berdasarkan nilai indeks tanaman dan keuntungan tertinggi, bahwa rekomendasi pemupukan untuk varietas tembakau madura Prancak S1 Agribun dan Prancak T1 Agribun adalah 50 kg N + 36 kg P2O5 + 75 kg K2O + 5 ton pupuk kandang/ha.</p><p>Two varieties ofmaduratobacco whichbears3–5 leaves, more than Prancak-95,PrancakN-1, andPrancakN-2 varieties, had been acquired. This study was aimed to obtain an optimal dose of N and K corresponding to those varieties.Researchwas conducted atBajangVillage,PakongDistrict, Pamekasan on January to December 2013. The treatments were arranged in split plots design with varieties wereasthe main plots and N and K dose rates were assubplotwith 3 replicates. The varieties were:PrancakS1 Agribun andPrancakT1 Agribun. The subplots were 9 combinations of type and dose of N and K fertilizers: 1) 40 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 2) 50 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 3) 60 kg N + 25 kg K2O, 4) 40 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 5) 50 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 6) 60 kg N + 50 kg K2O, 7) 40 kg N + 75 kg K2O, 8) 50 kg N + 75 kg K2O, and 9) 60 kg N + 75 kg K2O/ha.Thirty sixkg P2O5/ha and 5 tons manure/ha were addedat3 days before transplanting as a basic fertilizers. N was sourced from ZA and K of ZK,one thirddose of N and K were added at 10 days after planting (DAP) and the rest of N and K dose were applied at 21 DAP. Observations included growth, yield, and quality of tobacco, rendement, grade and crop indexes, and nicotine analysis. In wet conditions of climate anomalies at the beginning of the dry season of 2013, the results showed that there were no difference between Prancak S1 Agribun and Prancak T1 Agribun varieties of madura tobacco in term of growth, yield, and quality. Contrast test results showed that increasing rates of N fertilizer had no effect on growth, yield and quality. However, increasing dose rates of K affected growth, yield and quality at a given rate of N. Combination of N and K affected length and width leaves, yield, and crop index. Based on crop index and benefit, that the fertilizer recommendation for varieties of madura tobacco Prancak S1 Agribun and Prancak T1 Agribun was 50 kg N + 36 kg P2O5 + 75 kg K2O + 5 tons manure/ha. </p>
A field experiment was conducted at Karangploso Research Station to investigate the effect of NPK fertilizer added with biofertilizer containing of N fixing and P solubilizing bacteria plus green manure of C. juncea on nutrient uptake and growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.). The experiment had 10 treatments: (1) 100% of recommended fertilizer (RF), (2) 100% RF + biofertilizer, (3) 75% RF + biofertilizer, (4) 50% RF + biofertilizer, (5) 100% RF + C. juncea, (6) 75% RF + C. juncea, (7) 50% RF + C. juncea, (8) 100% RF + biofertilizer + C. juncea, (9) 75% RF + biofertilizer + C. juncea, (10) 50% RF + biofertilizer + C. juncea. The ten treatments were arranged in Randomized Block Design with three replications. Results showed that the nutrients uptake attributes (N, P and K) and growth of sugarcane was affected by biofertilizer and C. juncea. The best treatment of the results was combination of biofertilizer and C. juncea with 100% rate of recommended fertilizer of NPK gave the highest of N uptake and length of stalk.
Inherently, sandy soil is low in all aspects of soil fertility and has a low capacity to retain water and applied nutrients. To improve the fertility of sandy soil as media growth for Jatropha curcas, clay and organic matter may have important role when they are incorporated to the sandy soil. This study investigated the effect of irrigation interval and incorporation of clay together with organic matter to sandy soil on soil organic C, N, and K and growth of J. curcas. The rates of clay and organic matter incorporated to top sandy soil were 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter and 10% clay + 1.6% organic matter. Two irrigation intervals tested were 10 day and 20 day. The results found that incorporation of 10% clay + 1.6% organic matter to sandy soil increased soil organic C, total N and exchangeable K which in turn increased the number of leaves and number of lateral branches of J curcas, while irrigation intervals had no effect on all parameters observed.
<p>ABSTRAK</p><p>Lahan pertanian yang didominasi oleh partikel pasir di daerah lahankering iklim kering mempunyai kapasitas yang rendah dalam menyimpanair dan unsur hara, serta rentan terhadap erosi. Penambahan tanah liat,zeolit, dan bahan organik diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kadar unsur haratanah, kadar air tanah, dan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian yangdilakukan dari bulan Mei sampai Desember 2008 ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh penambahan tanah liat, zeolit dan interaksinyadengan bahan organik terhadap stabilitas makroagregat, kadar unsur haraC, N, P, dan K, daya pegang air tanah berpasir, populasi mikroorganismetanah serta pertumbuhan jarak pagar. Media tanam yang diuji sebanyak 5jenis, yaitu (1) 100% tanah pasir, (2) 95% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat, (3)95% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit, (4) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% tanah liat + 0,8%bahan organik, dan (5) 94,2% tanah pasir + 5% zeolit + 0,8% bahanorganik. Untuk mengetahui kemampuan daya pegang air tanah, makaperlakuan jenis media tersebut dikombinasikan dengan perlakuanfrekuensi pemberian air, yaitu dengan interval 7 dan 21 hari sekali.Perlakuan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok faktorial denganempat kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan 5%tanah liat + 0,8% bahan organik pada tanah berpasir dapat meningkatkanproporsi makroagregat, kadar unsur hara C, N, P, dan K, serta kapasitasdaya pegang air tanah. Penambahan sebanyak 5% zeolit pada tanah pasirmeningkatkan populasi bakteri. Peningkatan populasi jamur lebih dipacudengan frekuensi pemberian air 7 hari sekali. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanamanjarak pagar juga lebih dipercepat oleh pemberian air dengan frekuensi 7hari sekali.</p><p>Kata kunci: Jatropha curcas, pasir, liat, zeolit, bahan organik, kesuburantanah, pengairan</p><p>ABSTRACT</p><p>The role of clay, zeolit, and organic matter in increasingsoil fertility of sandy soil as growth media for Jatrophacurcas</p><p>Agricultural sandy soils have low capability to retain water andnutrients. Addition of clay, zeolit and organic matter to these soils wasexpected to increase macro-aggregate stability, soil nutrients and waterholding capacity. The research had been conducted from May up toDecember 2008 to find out the effect of addition of clay, zeolit, and theirinteractions with organic matter in increasing sandy soil fertility as growthmedia for Jatropha curcas. The study had an objective to quantify theeffect of plant media and frequency of watering on soil macro-aggregatestability, soil nutrients, water holding capacity, soil microorganismspopulation, and growth of J. curcas. Plant growth media tested in thisstudy consisted of 5 types, i.e. (1) 100% sand soil, (2) 95% sand soil + 5%clay soil, (3) 95% sand soil + 5% zeolit, (4) 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay +0.8% organic matter, and (5) 94.2% sand soil + 5% zeolit + 0.8% organicmatter. Watering of plant was divided into two time intervals, i.e. each of 7days and each of 21 days. Results showed that plant media which was amixture of 94.2% sand soil + 5% clay + 0.8% organic matter increasedproportion of maco-aggregate, plant nutrients (C, N, P, K) and soil waterholding capacity. Plant media consisted of mixture of 95% sand soil + 5%zeolit was suitable for development of bacteria population. Acceleratingof growth of J curcas was induced by watering with interval of 7 days.</p><p>Key words: Jatropha curcas, sand, clay, zeolit, organic matter, watering,soil fertility</p>
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