Background Globally, the prevalence of obesity is on the rise and has nearly tripled since 1975. In Ethiopia, despite not having well-documented evidence, abdominal obesity has been increasing dramatically, particularly in urban settings. Therefore, this study is intended to determine the prevalence and risk factors of abdominal obesity among adults in Dilla town, Ethiopia. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January and February 2018 in Dilla Town. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit 663 adults. The study was conducted in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) STEP wise approach. Waist circumference was measured using a flexible metric tape midway between the lowest rib and iliac crest with the participant standing at the end of gentle expiration. Abdominal obesity was determined using the International Diabetes Federation cutoff. A logistic regression model was fitted to identify risk factors of abdominal obesity. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated to show the strength of association. Results A total of 634 adults participated in the study with a response rate of 95.6%. This study revealed that 155 (24.4%) [95% CI: (21.50, 27.80)] adults were abdominally obese. Higher odds of being abdominally obese were noted among adults with a high [

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Background Inappropriate complementary feeding practice could result in child illness, sub-optimal growth and development. Evidence shows a huge burden of inappropriate complementary feeding practice from global to national level. But studies regarding predictors of inappropriate complementary feeding practices were scarce especially in the study area. Therefore, the aim of t his study was to determine predictors and community level factors associated with inappropriate complementary feeding practice among children age 6 to 23 months in Wonago district, South Ethiopia. Methods A community based unmatched case-control study design complemented by a qualitative and dietary data was employed among children in Wonago district from April- 07 to June- 06, 2017. A total of 372 study subjects were enrolled to the study by stratified sampling technique. Data were checked, coded and entered to Epi data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Univariate, bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions analyses were applied. A p- value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significant level. Results Paternal household decision making on feeding(AOR = 4.65, 95% CI = (1.69, 12.81)), family priority to elders during feeding(AOR = 2.35, 95% CI = (1.08, 5.14)), absence of nearby health facility(AOR = 4.15, 95% CI = (1.63, 10.55)), unplanned pregnancy (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI = (1.21, 9.85)), missing ANC(AOR = 2.71, 95% CI = (1.48, 4.96)) and missing EPI service utilization (AOR = 2.43, 95% CI = (1.34, 4.38)) were independent predictors of inappropriate complementary feeding practices. Whereas; lack of awareness, short birth spacing practice, poverty and feeding culture were community related factors. The nutrient density of complementary foods were below WHO desired density level except for energy, protein and vitamin C. Conclusions Inappropriate complementary feeding practice was related to household feeding cultures, health service access and utilization and community related factors like awareness, poverty and low birth spacing. Complementary foods were found to have lower nutrient density than desired by WHO. Promoting community’s health service utilization and increasing awareness regarding complementary feeding were recommended.

Patients and Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019, among 373 pregnant women who attended antenatal care at Dilla University referral hospital. Socio-demographic factors, nutritional, medical and obstetric information of the study participants were collected using a structured questionnaire. Hemoglobin was measured using a hemacue machine, and fecal specimens were examined to detect intestinal parasites. Bivariate and multiple variable binary logistic regressions were used to identify predictors of anemia. A p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results: Overall prevalence of anemia was 28.7%, of which 19.6% had mild anemia. Decreased odds of anemia were found in women with good nutritional status (MUAC ≥24 cm) (AOR= 0.07 95% CI: 0.03-0.1), iron supplementation (AOR=0.06 95% CI: 0.02-0.15) and birth spacing ≥2 yrs (AOR=0.03 95% CI: 0.009-0.45). However, increased odds of anemia were seen in pregnant women with intestinal parasites (AOR=6.11 95% CI 7.70-37.0). Conclusion: The magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was found to be a moderate public health problem. Iron supplementation, good nutritional status (MUAC> 24 cm), and birth spacing reduce the odds of anemia. But having intestinal parasites was found to increase the likelihood of anemia during pregnancy. Counseling on birth spacing, strengthening iron supplementation, and intestinal parasite management during pregnancy should be given due emphasis.

Background: Wasting is one of the two major anthropometric markers used to describe malnutrition, and it represents a low weight for height, which is commonly associated with disease, including food deprivation. Method: ology: School based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gedeo Zone, South Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to get a total of 500 children. Data was entered into Epidata version 3.1 and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 for analyses. Wasting was assessed by measuring weight-for-height of equal to or less than minus two standard deviations (2 SD) below the mean of a reference WHO standard by using Anthro Plus 1.0.4 software program. Variables having p < 0.25 at bivariate analysis were fitted to multivariable analysis. Multivariable logistic regression model was used at 95% confidence interval and with P-Value < 0.05. Result: The prevalence of wasting was found to be 18.2%. Age AOR = 3.15, 95%CI (2.05,8.44))], sex [AOR = 3.87,95%CI (2.73, 9.03)]. Mothers' educational status [AOR 3.49 (95%CI (2.23, 6.06))] and having history of internal displacement [AOR = 3.01, (95%CI (2.17,5.31)] were significantly associated with wasting among school-age children. Conclusions: About 18.2% of primary school children had wasted in this study. In this study, the age of children, maternal education, history of internal displacement, and sex of children were significantly associated with wasting. The interventions should be targeted with a special emphasis on the vulnerable groups of children (history of internal displacement). In addition, nutrition education must be considered.