Stunting and associated factors among primary school children in Ethiopia: School-based cross-sectional study

Argaw, Dirshaye; Kabthymer, Robel Hussen; Endale, Tsion; Wudneh, Aregahegn; Meshesha, Meiraf Daniel; Hirbu, Jarsso Tadesse; Bayisa, Yesuneh; Abebe, Lulu; Tilahun, Ruth; Aregawi, Saron; Funga, Mengistu Lodebo; Wodaynew, Tilahun; Demisse, Biniyam; Eritero, Aneleay Cherinet; Assefa, Dawit; Zeleke, Eden Daganchew; Mengistu, Nebiyu; Alemu, Kiber Temesgen; Molla, Wondwosen

doi:10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100451

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Children belonging to households with large family sizes (≥4 family members) were more stunted than those belonging to households with small sizes (<4 family members). This finding was similar to the study conducted among school-age children in other parts of Ethiopia16 24 and North Central Nigeria 20. This might be because, in large family sizes, children might not get enough food and might not eat a variety of food items.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

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Prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among primary school-aged children in Gudeya Bila district, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Shama,

Wakuma,

Debelo

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among primary school-age children in the Gudeya Bila district.Methods and analysisA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Gudeya Bila district which is located in the Western part of Ethiopia. Among the calculated sample size of 561 school-aged children, 551 children were randomly selected by systematic random sampling technique and participated in this study. Critical illness, physical disability and the inability of caregivers to respond were exclusion criteria. Under-nutrition was the primary outcome while factors associated were the second outcome of this study. Semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect the data while interview and body measurement were used as data collection techniques. Health Extension Workers collected the data. Data were entered into Epi Data V.3.1 and transported into SPSS V.24.0 software for data cleaning and analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were run to identify the associated factors of under-nutrition. Model fitness was checked by using Hosmer-Lemeshow’s test. Variables with p values <0.05 were considered statistically significant in the multivariable logistic regression.Results and conclusionThe prevalence of stunting and thinness among primary school children was 8.2% (95% CI 5.6% to 10.6%) and 7.1% (95% CI 4.5% to 8.9%), respectively. Being male caregiver (adjusted OR (AOR)=4.26;95% CI 1.256% to 14.464%), family size ≥4 (AOR=4.65; 95% CI 1.8 51% to 11.696%), separated kitchen room (AOR=0.096; 95% CI 0.019 to 0.501) and hand washing after toilet use (AOR=0.152; 95% CI 0.035% to 0.667%) were significantly associated with stunting. Moreover, drinking coffee (AOR=2.25; 95% CI 1.968% to 5.243%) and child dietary diversity score <4 (AOR=2.54; 95% CI 1.721% to 8.939%) were significantly associated with thinness. Under-nutrition in this study was high compared with the global target of eradicating under-nutrition. Community-based nutritional education programmes and implementing health extension programmes are important to reduce the problem of under-nutrition to an undetectable level and to eradicate chronic under-nutrition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…So far conducted studies in different parts of Ethiopia found that the prevalence of stunting among school-age children was 9.8%–48.1%7–9 and thinness was 6.3%–21.4% 6 7 12 17 23–25…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among primary school-aged children in Gudeya Bila district, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Shama,

Wakuma,

Debelo

et al. 2023

BMJ Open

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“…Regarding growth and age, some articles 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 have pointed out that age younger than 24 months is a risk factor for child growth, considering the fact that children under 2 years old have a high growth rate and, therefore, greater nutritional needs. Nshimyiryol et al 18 state that age between six to 23 months and 24 to 59 months is a risk factor for developing short stature.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies included in this review identified an association between low dietary diversity and short child stature, 29 , 30 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 as well as the time of initiation of complementary feeding was related to stunting, 17 indicating that in families that do not have a minimum diet acceptable in terms of adequate diversity and frequency, children are more likely to be stunted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, with regard to maternal characteristics that influence child growth, maternal and even parental education 13 , 15 , 17 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 30 , 36 , 38 , 41 , 44 , 45 , 46 , mental health in the prepartum period, in addition to maternal age 38 , 47 , occupation 17 , 20 , 28 , short stature and maternal nutritional status 12 , 13 , 15 , 18 , 19 , 25 , 36 , 38 , 44 , 46 , 48 , 49 , 50 are factors that are directly related to children's linear growth, as confirmed by the studies found in this review.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determining factors of child linear growth from the viewpoint of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory

Veiga¹,

Silva²,

Padilha³

et al. 2023

Jornal de Pediatria

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Is the household food security the nucleus determinant for the prevalence of stunting in Purworejo Regency?

Wijaya,

Susanto,

Satriyandari

et al. 2023

E3S Web of Conf.

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This study aims to analyze household food security as the core determinant of stunting and Purworejo Regency of Central Java Province as a case study. Methodologically, this study used multiple binary regression models. This study analyzed 250 samples selected randomly tiered (multi-stage random sampling). The equation used is stunting as a dependent variable and an independent variable (dummy) in the form of household food security and control variables (parental marriage age, use of contraceptives, gestation, parity, early breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding, pollution status, and distance of health facilities). As a result, household food security is proven to be a core determinant of stunting in Purworejo District. Household food security has a significant effect on the -0.679 (α 0.001) coefficient on stunting. This means that houses that have food security have the opportunity to reduce the risk and prevent stunting by 67.9% than those that do not. As a control variable, the use of contraceptives, parity, early initiation of breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding had a significant negative effect on stunting while pollution status had a significant positive effect. This model has been able to explain the research phenomenon by 58.2% (adjusted R-square 0.582).

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Stunting and associated factors among primary school children in Ethiopia: School-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 12 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among primary school-aged children in Gudeya Bila district, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence and associated factors of stunting and thinness among primary school-aged children in Gudeya Bila district, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Determining factors of child linear growth from the viewpoint of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory

Is the household food security the nucleus determinant for the prevalence of stunting in Purworejo Regency?

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