New Guinea singing dogs (NGSD) are identifiable by their namesake vocalizations, which are unlike any other canid population. Their novel behaviors and potential singular origin during dog domestication make them an attractive, but elusive, subject for evolutionary and conservation study. Although once plentiful on the island of New Guinea (NG), they were presumed to currently exist only in captivity. This conclusion was based on the lack of sightings in the lowlands of the island and the concurrent expansion of European- and Asian-derived dogs. We have analyzed the first nuclear genomes from a canid population discovered during a recent expedition to the highlands of NG. The extreme altitude (>4,000 m) of the highland wild dogs’ (HWD) observed range and confirmed vocalizations indicate their potential to be a wild NGSD population. Comparison of single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes shows strong similarity between HWD and the homogeneous captive NGSD, with the HWD showing significantly higher genetic diversity. Admixture analyses and estimation of shared haplotypes with phylogenetically diverse populations also indicates the HWD is a novel population within the distinct evolutionary lineage of Oceanic canids. Taken together, these data indicate the HWD possesses a distinct potential to aid in the conservation of NGSD both in the wild and under human care.

Thermophilic bacteria are bacteria that are able to survive in environmental conditions with high temperatures. Thermophilic bacteria are one of the important sources of thermostable enzymes that can be isolated from geothermal environments such as hot springs with temperatures ranging from 50–80 oC. Aims of the study to isolate and identify local isolates of thermophilic bacteria from hot springs in Moso Muara Tami District, Papua. The results showed that 7 isolates (A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2, and B3) that were isolated and identified based on phenotypic characters were included in the genus Bacillus.  Key words: Thermophilic, characterization, isolation, identification, phenotypic.

Usaha jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus) di Papua merupakan “bisnis baru” yang sangat menjanjikan. Unit Usaha Budidaya Jamur (UUBJ) yang merupakan implementasi program PPUPIK Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Universitas Cenderawasih (Uncen) telah merintis budidaya jamur tiram sejak tahun 2016. Jamur segar yang dihasilkan 15 kg per minggu dengan harga Rp. 70.000,-/kg. Selain sebagai profit, UUBJ juga menjadi sarana pembelajaran bisnis (wirausaha) bagi mahasiswa, alumni dan kelompok masyarakat. Solusi atau teknologi untuk menumbuhkan dan membentuk jiwa kewirausahaan adalah Entrepreunership Capacity Building (ECB) dan Participatory Action Learning System (PALS). Unit ini telah menghasilkan 5 orang entrepreuner baru di bidang usaha jamur tiram putih yang berasal dari mahasiswa  dan alumni.

Daun gatal (Laportea aestuans) is an indigenous plant of Papua hich has been widely used for pain relief as traditional medication in the local community. The leaves were just picked then treated to cure for painful body. This treatment are giving itchy sense as an indication that medication is working on the body as local people assumed. The aim of the study was to determine the activity of antibacteria of daun gatal against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Samples of daun gatal were collected from Biak Numfor Papua. The methods are started with filtering of daun gatal using 100 mash and extracted with ethanol. Extract was made in 250, 500, 750, 1000 ppm, with chloramphenicol as a control positive, while the test of antibacterial activity was done by disc diffusion method. The results showed that daun gatal has antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and S. typhi. Daun gatal extract (L. aestuans) is effective in inhibiting the growth of bacterias with zone inhibition of 1000 ppm extracts which were 8.55 mm (E. coli), 9.02 mm (S. typhi), dan 9.37 mm (S. aureus). Key words: Antibacteria, E. coli, L. aestuans, S. aureus and S. typhi.

Conservation effort and knowledge on coral reef ecosystem are necessary to protect marine ecosystem. Coral reef ecosystem is very important to support marine biota especially fishes and benthos. The presence of coral reef indirectly support local people income, therefore is is necessary to conserve coral reef ecosystem. District of South Waigeo is one of tourist area as well as preserve area in Raja Ampat Regency of Papua Barat Province. The aim of this study is to identify the current condition of coral reef in Saporken Village of South waigeo District. Data were collected by survey method using coral reefs Point intercept transect method, observation and interviews to determine the social, economic and cultural impact., and measures taken to manage coral reef management in village Saporkren Marine Protected Areas. The results showed that knowledge Saporkren Village community, the conservation community knows about how destructive such arrests are not carried out the bombing, while the traditional way people work is local wisdom. Condition of coral cover in the village of Marine Protected Areas Saporkren in good condition (live coral cover=51%) and very good water quality, flow velocity at high tide ranged from 4.25 to 22.3 cm/sec and the flow velocity at low tide over small ranging from 5.07 to 19.60 cm/sec, salinity ranged from 32–35‰ and wave height ranged from 0.75 m. Based on the results of this study concluded that: Village community know Saporkren conservation activities of local government programs, and the traditional way to preserve coral reef still implemented.Key words: Conservation, coral reefs, Saporkren village, Raja Ampat.

One of the potential areas for developing mariculture in Raja Ampat Regency is Yensawai. This research aim to determine biophysical parameter for seaweed culture. The parameters were proped in to four classes; high suitable, suitble, currently not suitable and permanently not suitable. The result showed that the cultivation area size were 14 hectares, where Ramon 1 and Ramon 2 Stations were categorized as currently not suitable, while Warkabas and Metabai stations were grouped into suitable for seawed cultivation.Key words: analysis of suitability, seaweed cultivation, Yensawai

Malaria is the first killer as well as endemic disease in highland, lowland and coastal areas of Papua. In 2016 there were 160 thousands cases noted and 80% of the cases were caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Total sample for this study were provided by a clinical trial conducted from May to June 2018 in the regional hospital of Puncak Jaya, Wamena, located in the highland region of Papua. Positive blood samples was collected in a ethylene diaminetetra acetic acid (EDTA) tube. DNA was extracted using method of Geneaid Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Blood/Cultured Cell). The primary reactions used a set of primer corresponding to the conserved regions of block 2 of msp1. The second reactions primer set targets specific allelic families of msp1 (K1, MAD20 and RO33). All polymerase chain reaction amplicons were analyzed by electrophoresis in a 1.0% agarose gel. A total of 26 blood samples of positive P. falciparum were analyzed, 24 (93.2%) were successfully amplified for msp1. The MAD20 allelic family was predominant with 20.8% (8/24), followed by the RO33 allelic family with 8.2% (2/24) and the K1 allelic family with 1/24 (4.2%). The frequency of single allele is 11/24 (45.8%) while multi-allele are 16/24 (66.7%) with K1/RO33, MAD20/RO33, K1/MAD20/RO33 respectively 2/24 (8.3%), 8/24 (33.3%) and 6/24 (25%).

The research on antibiotic resistance test and detection of gene Plasmid IncHI1 1 Salmonella typhi isolates of Jayapura have been conducted in January to August 2015. The purpose of this study is to determine antibiotic resistance patterns and detect the presence ofS. typhi IncHI1 plasmid genes in Jayapura.The method of study was the laboratory analytic where ninety two samples were culture tested and S. typhi identified was tested using disc diffusion method of Kirby Bouer to see any resistance toward 18 antibiotics. Plasmids of S. typhi then were extracted using method of Kado-Liu. To ensure the presence of S. typhi DNA, the testof flagellin gen detection had been done using Nested PCR followed by gene Inchi1 S. typhi detection. The results showed that among 8 isolates of S. typhi, there has been a Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) of 7 samples (87.5%) with varying resistance patterns where the most resistant antibiotics are Amoxicillin 100% (8 isolates), Cefazolin 75% (6 isolates), Ampicillin 75% (6 isolates), Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoksazol 62.5% (5 isolates), Amikacin 62.5% (5 isolates), Gentamicin 50% (4 isolates) and Ampisillin–Sulbactam 50% (4 isolates). The most sensitive antibiotics is Meropenem is 87.5% (7 isolates). PCR test results showed that there were no genes of IncHI1 S. typhi in Jayapura.Key words: Salmonella typhi, gen IncHI1, antibiotic resistance, Jayapura.