After 1-month healing, the use of autologous oADSC did not improve bone regeneration in defects containing titanium devices with different surfaces.

Background and Aim This study compared the oral bacteriome between HIV‐1‐infected and non‐HIV‐1‐infected Brazilian children/teenagers. Methods Whole saliva, biofilm from the dorsal surface of the tongue and biofilm from supragingival and subgingival sites were collected from 27 HIV‐1‐infected and 30 non‐HIV‐1‐infected individuals. Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced using next‐generation sequencing technology (Ion Torrent). Results In the supragingival biofilm, the phylum Firmicutes and genus Streptococcus sp. were more frequent in HIV‐1‐infected (95% and 78%, respectively) than in non‐HIV‐1‐infected individuals (40% and 24%, respectively). In the subgingival biofilm of HIV‐infected participants, the relative abundance of the Veillonella sp. and Prevotella sp. genera were higher than in non‐HIV‐1‐infected participants. On the tongue, the genera with greater relative abundance in HIV‐1‐infected individuals were Neisseria sp. (21%). In saliva, the difference of the genus Prevotella sp. between non‐HIV‐1‐infected and HIV‐1‐infected individuals was 15% and 7%, respectively. The Chao index revealed an increase in the richness of both sub‐ and supragingival biofilms in the HIV‐1‐infected samples compared with non‐HIV‐1‐infected samples. Conclusion HIV‐1‐infected children/teenagers have a higher frequency of the phyla Firmicutes and genus Streptococcus, and their oral microbiome shows more complexity than that of non‐HIV‐1‐infected children/teenagers.

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Nonprocessed adipose tissue is not a comparable substitute for autogenous bone in the treatment of dehiscence bone defects around titanium dental implants.

This study confirmed that human adipose-derived stem cells could be successfully grown in serum-free, xeno-free culture medium suitable for clinical use. Adipose-derived stem cells thus show potential utility for bone regeneration in association with titanium surfaces.