Almond shoots produced by axillary branching from clone VII derived from a seedling of cultivar Boa Casta were evaluated for somaclonal variation using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) analysis. To verify genetic stability we compared RAPD and ISSR patterns of plantlets obtained after 4 and 6 years of in vitro multiplication. A total of 64 RAPD and 10 ISSR primers gave 326 distinct and reproducible band classes, monomorphic across all 22 plantlets analysed. Thus, a total of 7,172 bands were generated, exhibiting homogeneous RAPD and ISSR patterns for the plantlets tested. These results suggest that the culture conditions used for axillary branching proliferation are appropriate for clonal propagation of almond clone VII, as they do not seem to interfere with the integrity of the regenerated plantlets. These results allowed us to establish the use of axillary branching plantlets (mother-plants) as internal controls for the analysis of somaclonal variation of shoots regenerated from other in vitro culture processes performed with clone VII (adventitious regeneration, regeneration from meristem culture, virus sanitation programs and genetic engineering).
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a composição nutricional, caracterizar e correlacionar os parâmetros de qualidade da polpa do cacau. A amostra analisada foi a polpa dos frutos do cacaueiro dos genótipos CCN51 e CEPEC 2005, denominada comercialmente de blend. Foram avaliadas a composição centesimal aproximada, valor calórico, características físicas, físico-químicas, químicas e correlação dos parâmetros analisados. A polpa apresentou baixo valor calórico (56,19 Kcal), alto teor de sólidos solúveis (20,40ºBrix), ratio (32,45) e potássio (128,61mg/100g). Além de correlações muito forte (r±0,91 a ±1,00) e forte (r±0,71 a ±0,90) ao nível de 5% de significância entre as características ratio, sólidos solúveis, Aw, açúcares totais, amido, densidade e vitamina C. A amostra apresenta potencial de utilização para desenvolvimento de produtos alimentícios, pois contém importante composição centesimal, resultados expressivos para o teor de sólidos solúveis, ratio, açúcares totais e redutores e valor calórico relativamente baixo, podendo ser adicionada em dietas, suplementação alimentar, como também em processamentos tecnológicos.
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of enzymatic maceration with pectinases on CCN-51 clone cocoa pulp, by means of yield, physicochemical aspects, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity of diluted cocoa pulp (PCD). Three treatments were conducted. In the T1 treatment, the pulp was added water in the proportion of 1: 3 (m / v) and the Pectinex ULTRA SP-L enzyme complex, the mixture being kept at 45 °C for 15 minutes under agitation; in T2 there was no enzymes addition and in T3 the pulp was extracted manually. The PCD were subjected to physicochemical analyzes of pH, acidity, color, moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and reducing sugars; in addition to the content of total extractable polyphenols and antioxidant activity by the radicals ABTS•+ and DPPH methods. T3 showed the highest yield (32.04%), however the presence of the enzyme increased the value by more than 100% (T1 = 22.45%) when compared to the control (T2 = 11.18%). T1 showed the lowest pH (3.39) and the highest acidity (0.10%). The enzymatic treatment did not change the color parameters of the PCD when compared to the manual process. The extraction methods did not significantly influence the chemical composition of the PCD. The content of polyphenols was higher for T1 (7.47 mg / 100 g), which also showed the best antioxidant activity by the two methods evaluated. It can be concluded that the enzymatic treatment had a positive influence on the yield, on the extraction of polyphenols and on the antioxidant activity of the diluted cocoa pulp.
Characterization of cocoa clones produced in the semiarid region is necessary to enlarge the database about these implanted clones and thus enhance the quality of their by-products. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate physical, chemical, and physicochemical characteristics of the CCN 51, CEPEC 2004, CEPEC 2005, and PS 1319 clones, produced in the region of Vale do Jaguaribe in the state of Ceará (Brazil), and to suggest food processes or products for them. The clones were evaluated according to their physical traits (total fruit mass, rind, pulp, seeds, and placenta and pulp with seeds), fruit transverse diameter (FTD), fruit longitudinal diameter (FLD), the ratio FTD/FLD; rind external thickness (ERT), rind internal thickness (IRT), the ratio ERT/IRT, number of seeds, seed thickness, seed transverse diameter (STD), seed longitudinal diameter (SLD), and the ratio STD/SLD, yield, pulp color, chemical traits (humidity, lipids, proteins, ashes, crude fiber, and carbohydrates), and physicochemical traits (titratable acidity, pH, soluble solids, and reducing sugars) were evaluated. The CCN 51 and CEPEC 2005 clones are the most suitable for the process of cocoa fermentation. For desserts, jams, pulp, and nibs for fat-restricted diets, the most suitable clones are CCN 51, CEPEC 2005, PS 1319 and CEPEC 2004, respectively.
Direitos para esta edição cedidos à Atena Editora pelos autores. Todo o conteúdo deste livro está licenciado sob uma Licença de Atribuição Creative Commons. Atribuição-Não-Comercial-NãoDerivativos 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). O conteúdo dos artigos e seus dados em sua forma, correção e confiabilidade são de responsabilidade exclusiva dos autores, inclusive não representam necessariamente a posição oficial da Atena Editora. Permitido o download da obra e o compartilhamento desde que sejam atribuídos créditos aos autores, mas sem a possibilidade de alterá-la de nenhuma forma ou utilizá-la para fins comerciais. Todos os manuscritos foram previamente submetidos à avaliação cega pelos pares, membros do Conselho Editorial desta Editora, tendo sido aprovados para a publicação com base em critérios de neutralidade e imparcialidade acadêmica. A Atena Editora é comprometida em garantir a integridade editorial em todas as etapas do processo de publicação, evitando plágio, dados ou resultados fraudulentos e impedindo que interesses financeiros comprometam os padrões éticos da publicação. Situações suspeitas de má conduta científica serão investigadas sob o mais alto padrão de rigor acadêmico e ético.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.