With the deterioration of the environment and the shortage of natural resources, firms are facing increasing pressures to implement environmental management practices in their daily operation management. Drawing on institutional theory and environmental management literatures, this research tries to explore how institutional pressures motivate firms to implement environmental management practices, and how such effects are moderated by firms' environmental commitment and resource availability. The results of a survey of 188 Chinese firms suggest that regulatory pressures and normative pressures are positively and significantly related to firms' propensity to implement environmental management practices. Moreover, the results indicate that firms' environmental commitment positively moderates the relationships between institutional pressures and environmental management practices, while firms' resource availability plays different roles depending on the types of pressure (regulatory or normative pressures). Implications and suggestions for future research are provided.Hypothesis 4. Greater resource availability strengthens the relationships between institutional pressures (regulatory and normative pressures) and environmental management practices.Based on the above analysis, the research framework is depicted in Figure 1.
56S. Wang et al.
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the intention of consumers to visit green hotels in China through the theory of planned behavior (TPB) extended by adding perceived consumer effectiveness and environmental concern.
Design/methodology/approach
The TPB model is used as the basic theoretical framework but is extended by adding two critical variables. Data is collected from 324 respondents by using a self-administered questionnaire survey and analyzed with the assistance of structural equation modeling.
Findings
The empirical results show that perceived consumer effectiveness and environmental concern have positive effects on the attitude and the intention of consumers to visit green hotels, and that perceived consumer effectiveness has the largest effect. However, in China, the impact of environmental concern on the intention of consumers to visit green hotels is relatively limited, and the subjective norm has a strong effect. In addition, this research verifies the usefulness of the extended TPB model in understanding the intention of consumers in green hotels industry in China. This is evidenced by a comparison of the initial TPB model with the extended TPB model where the explanatory power has improved from 65 to 68 per cent.
Originality/value
This research contributes to TPB theory by addressing certain gaps in the literature regarding the intention of consumers to visit green hotels in China. Furthermore, considering the limitations of the TPB model, two pro-social variables, namely, perceived consumer effectiveness and environmental concern, are incorporated into the TPB model to better understand the intention of consumers to visit green hotels. Also, this research addresses the gap that studies on the role of perceived consumer effectiveness are limited in the tourism and hospitality management literature. The results indicate that perceived consumer effectiveness has the largest influence on the intention of consumers to visit green hotels.
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