Purpose: Concerns about the safety of formocresol (FC) as a pulpotomy agent in Pediatric Dentistry have lead to the search of new capping medicaments. Indigenous plant medicines such as Nigella Sativa (NS) have been the focus of many researches. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate histo-pathologically the pulp response to NS oil and FC in dogs. Method: Forty teeth in 4 male dogs of undefined breed aging 12-14 months were used in this study. Coronal access cavities were performed on the upper and lower premolars so that both medicaments were tested in the same animal in alternate sides of the mouth. Four weeks after treatment the animals were sacrificed, paraffin sections were prepared for histological, histochemical and immuno-histochemical staining. Results: specimens in the NS group showed mild to moderate vasodilatation. Few specimens showed scattered inflammatory cell infiltration and the odontoblastic layer was continuous. While the FC group showed moderate to severe vasodilatation with high inflammatory cell infiltrate and degenerative changes. Conclusions: NS possesses an anti-inflammatory effect and the pulp maintains its vitality after its application, which could qualify its use as a pulp medicament for pulpotomized teeth in clinical practice.
The growing demand for green construction, which is associated with increased perceptions of the risks associated with going green, highlights the need for a standard or benchmark that should be identified for project management practices to ensure successful sustainable urban development, assess its progress and report the results. The article argues that this would require a rephrasing of the project management processes as the execution of green building projects requires changes to the traditional project management aspects. Therefore, the article will address the significant changes needed for project management practices that are appropriate to provide procedural parameters to a green building project. Based on this perspective, the article explores the integration of concepts of sustainability into knowledge areas and processes of project management and how it can be used as a tool to sustainably implement the construction projects. The article results to reach the critical success factors of a work plan which is introduced as a Guide Model. The introduced Guide Model was validated to ensure the integration of sustainability into the management of sustainable development and fast track mega projects, called Green Project Management (GPM) with Egyptian sustainable development in the housing sector as the case study.
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