Palavras-chave: Solanum lycopersicum, produtividade, características físico-químicas. ABSTRACT Agronomic performance and physico-chemical quality in tomato hybrids grown without guidingThe evaluation of cultivars within the same soil and climatic conditions allows comparison of genotypes for its yield and quality potential, seeking to establish the most adapted for each region. This study aimed to evaluate the yield and fruit quality of tomato hybrids grown without guiding, for fresh consumption and processing. The field experiment was carried out in Pinhão, Paraná state, Brazil, in two years (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four replications. Ten tomato hybrids were used (Supera, Granadero, AP-529, AP-533, Kátia, Laura, Fascínio, Tinto, Red Spring and Vênus). We evaluated total and marketable yield, average fruit weight, fruit damage, presence of peduncle; and characteristics of quality: dry mass, fruit firmness, mesocarp thickness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids/ titratable acidity ratio, pH, ascorbic acid, lycopene and reducing sugars. Granadero was the hybrid with the highest total yield (112.5 t ha -1 in 2009/2010 and 78.5 t ha -1 in 2010/2011) and marketable yield (88.7 t ha -1 in 2009/2010 and 69.0 t ha -1 in 2010/2011) in two years of experiment, as well as the highest dry matter and soluble solids and the highest mesocarp thickness. Tinto and Venus also stood out in total and marketable yield and the hybrid which had the highest average fruit weight was Venus (99.9 g). For the soluble solids/ titratable acidity ratio, Granadero, Venus, Supera, Tinto and Fascínio showed ratios above 10 in both years. Laura, Red Spring and Venus showed good values for ascorbic acid and lycopene. Overall, the best performing hybrid for traits and for both segments was Granadero, but this hybrid showed low genotypic stability. So Venus and Tinto, despite lower yields, could be recommended because they presented good quality and stability to the region.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of silicon (Si) sources and doses on the physicochemical quality as well as post-harvest conservation of tomato fruits. Treatments were arranged in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme corresponding to sources [calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate] and five doses of Si (equivalent to 0, 100, 200, 400 and 800 kg/ha SiO 2 ). Randomized blocks were the experimental design, with four replications. Soluble solids, vitamin C, lycopene, titratable acidity, mature fruit firmness, initial firmness, firmness half-life, time until reaching firmness equivalent to 3.0 x 10 4 N/m 2 and 2.0 x 10 4 N/m 2 and Si content in fruits were evaluated. Soluble solids, vitamin C and lycopene of fruits increased with increasing doses of Si, except for the highest dose. Calcium and sodium silicate provided the highest lycopene concentration in fruits. An increase in initial firmness, number of days until reaching firmness half-life and firmness equivalent to 3.0 and 2.0 x 10 4 N/m 2 were observed along with increasing doses of Si. Tomato fertilization with calcium silicate, potassium silicate and sodium silicate, used as sources of Si, increased the post-harvest conservation as well as the physicochemical quality of tomato.

ABSTRACT. The wild tomato, Solanum pennellii, is an important source of resistance genes against tomato pests. This resistance is due to the presence of acyl sugars (AS), which are allelochemicals that have negative effects on arthropod pests. There are no commercially available tomato cultivars that exhibit significant levels of resistance to arthropod pests. Therefore, this study evaluated resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in F 2 and F 2 RC 1 tomato genotypes with high AS levels from a cross between Solanum lycopersicum 'Redenção' and the S. pennellii accession, LA-716. Plants were exposed to B. tabaci biotype B at the pre-flowering stage. In both generations, there were significant, negative correlations between AS content and oviposition preference and nymph development. Whitefly exhibited a lower preference for oviposition and produced fewer nymphs in genotypes with high AS levels and the wild parent S. pennellii than in the low AS-level genotypes and Redenção cultivar, demonstrating that the breeding program was effective in transferring resistance to the F 2 and F 2 RC 1 generations. RVTA-2010-pl#31 and RVTA-2010-pl#94 are promising genotypes that produced materials with high AS levels in the F 2 RC 1 generation (RVTA-2010-31-pl#177 and RVTA-2010-94-pl#381).

OBrasil é o segundo maior consumidor e o maior importador de alho (Allium sativum) do mundo (Souza & Macêdo, 2009). Apesar da crescente oferta do produto no mercado interno, a produção brasileira é insuficiente para atender à demanda nacional (Backes et al., 2008), devido à baixa produtividade (8,2 t ha -1 ) (Souza & Macêdo, 2009). O Brasil tem condições de elevar sua produção a ponto de suprir a demanda interna e até mesmo tornar-se exportador do produto. Uma das vertentes para alcançar tal êxito é a avaliação do maior número possível de cultivares visando estabelecer as melhores para cada região e época de cultivo. Entretanto, não basta o rendimento quantitativo, pois são necessárias pesquisas que identifiquem as cultivares e técnicas que produzam bulbos com baixa incidência de defeitos (Trevisan et al., 1997; Macedo et al., 2006 RESUMOO Brasil tem condições de elevar a produção de alho a ponto de suprir a demanda interna. Para alcançar tal êxito, é necessário avaliar o maior número possível de cultivares visando estabelecer as melhores para cada região. Sendo assim, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o rendimento econômico e a qualidade de bulbos de 20 cultivares de alho na região Centro-Sul do Paraná. O experimento foi conduzido entre os meses de março e setembro de 2009, no município de Guarapuava--PR. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se em doze cultivares de alho seminobre e oito cultivares de alho nobre. Foram realizadas as avaliações de produtividade total (PT), produção comercial (PC) e classificação comercial dos bulbos; superbrotamento; e seis caracteres relacionados à morfologia da planta: diâmetro do pseudocaule, comprimento e largura da folha, comprimento, largura e número de bulbilhos. As cultivares do grupo nobre apresentaram PT superior às cultivares do grupo seminobre, porém, não houve diferença com relação à PC. Entre as cultivares do grupo nobre, a São Valentim apresentou a maior PC de bulbos, com 8,9 t ha -1 . As cultivares do grupo nobre apresentaram maior porcentagem de bulbos nas classes 6 e 7, com destaque para as cultivares Chonan, com 40,3% dos bulbos na classe 7 e a cultivar Ito, com 75% dos bulbos nas classes 6 e 7. O oposto foi observado no grupo seminobre, pois a maioria dos bulbos encontra-se nas classes 3, 4 e 5. Dentre as cultivares avaliadas, a cultivar São Valentim se adaptou melhor às condições edafoclimáticas da região, apresentando elevado potencial produtivo. Palavras-chave:Allium sativum, superbrotamento, alho nobre, alho seminobre. ABSTRACT Morphological characterization, commercial yield and productivity of garlic cultivarsBrazil could increase garlic production up to the point of supplying the internal demand. To achieve this success, it is necessary to evaluate the maximum number of cultivars to establish the best ones for each region. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate economic yield and quality of bulbs of 20 garlic cultivars in Center-South Paraná state, Brazil. The experiment was carried out bet...

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