Acyl sugars and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) resistance in segregating populations of tomato genotypes

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The wild tomato, Solanum pennellii, is an important source of resistance genes against tomato pests. This resistance is due to the presence of acyl sugars (AS), which are allelochemicals that have negative effects on arthropod pests. There are no commercially available tomato cultivars that exhibit significant levels of resistance to arthropod pests. Therefore, this study evaluated resistance to whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in F 2 and F 2 RC 1 tomato genotypes with high AS levels from a cross between Solanum lycopersicum 'Redenção' and the S. pennellii accession, LA-716. Plants were exposed to B. tabaci biotype B at the pre-flowering stage. In both generations, there were significant, negative correlations between AS content and oviposition preference and nymph development. Whitefly exhibited a lower preference for oviposition and produced fewer nymphs in genotypes with high AS levels and the wild parent S. pennellii than in the low AS-level genotypes and Redenção cultivar, demonstrating that the breeding program was effective in transferring resistance to the F 2 and F 2 RC 1 generations. RVTA-2010-pl#31 and RVTA-2010-pl#94 are promising genotypes that produced materials with high AS levels in the F 2 RC 1 generation (RVTA-2010-31-pl#177 and RVTA-2010-94-pl#381).

QTL mapping of insect resistance components of Solanum galapagense

“…Glandular trichomes have become a breeding target to increase insect resistance in cultivated tomato (Firdaus et al 2013; Glas et al 2012; Lawson et al 1997; Smeda et al 2018). Particularly, the acyl sugars produced in glandular trichomes may play a major role in resistance against insects (Dias et al 2016; Liu et al 1996; Puterka et al 2003; Slocombe et al 2008; Smeda et al 2018; van den Oever-van den Elsen et al 2016). Interactions between the effects of different metabolites on whiteflies may occur, and thus the chemical defence may only be effective when the plant can produce and accumulate a specific mixture of compounds in the trichome that is deleterious to the insect and readily released upon contact.…”

Resistência à Helicoverpa armigera em genótipos de tomateiro obtidos do cruzamento de Solanum lycopersicum com Solanum galapagense

“…Nessas espécies, os principais fatores de resistência são os tricomas glandulares e aleloquímicos, produzidos e exsudados pelos tricomas. Esses compostos têm sido associados aos mecanismos de resistência de antibiose e antixenose (Maluf et al, 2010;Tian et al, 2012;Dias et al, 2016).…”

Tomato Breeding for Insect-Pest Resistance

“…The most important allelochemicals found in wild tomato species are acyl sugars, sesquiterpenes and methyl ketones [28,[35][36][37]. Acyl sugars (AA), such as acylglycosis and acylsucrose, are found in S. pennellii [14,36,38,39] and S. galapagense accession [40] leaf trichomes. Sesquiterpenes, mainly zingiberene (ZGB), are found in S. habrochaites var.…”

“…An efficient methodology proposed by Resende et al [38], based on a rapid colorimetric method, allows for the nondestructive quantification of AA content in the leaflets of a large number of tomato plants. This reference methodology shows high potential for indirect genotype selection, because it presents low costs and facilitates the non-destructive selection of individual plants in segregating generations, and is currently being applied by several authors for tomato breeding regarding pests [14,23,24,34,60]. Moreover, this methodology stands out when compared to new AA content quantification methods in leaflets [79].…”

“…It is possible that tomatoes cultivation for fresh consumption and processing will become even more competitive in the next years. Therefore, investments are required for the development S. cheesmaniae and S. chmielewskii [12][13][14][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Research has demonstrated the efficiency of these species in the transmission of genes that express certain desirable characteristics, such as the production of glandular trichomes that, in most cases, exude chemical compounds, called allelochemicals [14,34].…”