This a cross-sectional study made in Fortaleza, Ceará, 2009, which included 458 teenagers and analyzed their exposure to violence, describing their access to weapons, alcohol abuse, illegal drug use and their self-esteem by investigating their socio-economic, school and family characteristics and exposure to the phenomenon. A questionnaire and/or structured interviews were used for data collection, and analysis involved Pearson's chi-square test, with 95% reliability. Of the 458 participants, 17.7% were considered to be exposed to criminal violence. Significant variables for exposure to violence included: place of birth (p = 0.020), years of schooling (p = 0,009), school absenteeism (p < 0.001), the father as the head of the family (p = 0.026), alcohol-addicted parents (p < 0.001), good/very good family relationships (p = 0.009), and parents' dissatisfaction with their children's friends (p < 0.001). Thus, it is necessary that public policies focus on a support network for care of adolescents and that urban centers organize themselves socially and politically in the quest for understanding the effects of exposure to violence among adolescents in low-income communities.
A agricultura irrigada utiliza cerca de 70% da água consumida no Brasil, podendo comprometer a garantia prioritária para o abastecimento humano, especialmente no semiárido. O Governo Federal planeja acentuá-la através da nova Política Nacional de Irrigação. A proposta do Estado é estimular a modernização da agricultura e a competitividade do agronegócio ampliando em 393.000 hectares as áreas de perímetros irrigados. Com o objetivo de investigar tal política, este artigo analisa as fases de desapropriação, instalação e operação de cinco estudos de caso de perímetros irrigados no Ceará e no Rio Grande do Norte. A pesquisa utilizou-se de estudos bibliográficos, documentais e materiais produzidos por movimentos sociais. A política de irrigação, nesse sentido, tem conformado conflitos ambientais e violado os direitos dos povos do campo a terra, ao território, à água, ao ambiente, à saúde, ao trabalho e à participação política, quando estes deveriam ser concretizados pelas políticas públicas.
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