Physalis is one of the annual indigenous herbaceous which has many benefits as traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the content of citric acid, flavonoids, sugar content, chlorophyll and fiber of 2 genotypes Physalis from Madura. The study was designed using nonfactorial completely randomized design with Physalis genotype as treatment, i.e., CM 1 (genotype of Madura Physalis 1) and CM 2 (genotype of Madura Physalis 2). The results showed that genotype Physalis Madura 1 contains higher citric acid, flavonoids, and sugar content. Whereas, the content of chlorophyll and fiber was lower. Citric acid contents were ranged from 0.06 to 0.36%, sugar levels 9.6-14.6 °Brix, flavonoid level 37.6-118.6 mg.100 g−1 and fiber content range from 0.58 to 1.41%. Genotype CM1 is recommended genotype as a source of chemical content for medicinal used especially in Madura Region with a dry condition.

Produksi jagung di Madura memberikan andil besar terhadap total produksi jagung di Jawa Timur. Di tingkat nasional, BPS menunjukkan bahwa produksi jagung di Jawa Timur mencapai 6 juta ton, berkontribusi sebesar 31.3%, atau hampir sepertiga dari total produksi jagung nasional. Produksi jagung yang besar seharusnya didukung dengan kesiapan teknologi produksi untuk mengolahnya menjadi aneka produk turunan, seperti pati. Pati jagung adalah bahan strategis karena digunakan di berbagai sektor, khususnya pangan. Studi ini dilakukan untuk optimasi proses ekstraksi pati jagung Madura-3. Teknik optimasi dilakukan menggunakan desain rancangan d-optimal pada Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Kondisi optimasi meliputi lama perendaman (X1) dan konsentrasi NaOH (X2), dengan rentang sebagai berikut: X1 (12 jam – 36 jam) dan X2 (0.05 – 0.5%). Hasil uji statistik memperlihatkan bahwa model yang berhasil dikonstruksi dinyatakan signifikan, ditunjukkan dengan F value sebesar 7.30, dan Prob lebih dari F sebesar 0.0075 (P kurang dari 0.05). Selain itu, lack of fit adalah 0.45, memperlihatkan bahwa parameter ini tidak signifikan. Lack of fit yang tidak signifikan memang diinginkan. Selain itu, nilai adequate precision dari model mencapai 7.469 (diinginkan lebih dari 4.0) Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum dapat dicapai pada kondisi X1 = 36 jam dan X2 = 0.05%. Kondisi optimum ini diprediksi mampu menghasilkan nilai rendemen 5.29%, dengan nilai desirability 0.719. Extraction of Madura-3 corn starch by optimizing soaking time and NaOH concentrationCorn production in Madura showed a tremendous contribution to total production in the Province of East Java. Noticeably, the province was recorded to yield 6 million tons of corn, responsible for approximately 31.3% of domestic production in 2018, as reported by BPS-Statistics. For this reason, there is a need for developing technology that enables to convert the corn into other valuable products, such as starch. Corn starch is essential material since it is applied in copious sectors mainly including food and pharmacy. This present work aimed at optimizing conditions for isolating starch of Madura-3 corn carried out using d-optimal design in Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The variables included soaking time (X1) and concentration of NaOH (X2), arranged as follows: X1 (12 – 36 h) and X2 (0.05 – 0.5%) according to preliminary research. The results demonstrated that the model constructed from data was significant, resulting in an F value of 7.30 and Prob more than F of 0.0075 (P less than 0.05). Furthermore, the statistical analysis showed a lack of fit at 0.45, which means that it was insignificance, which is favorable for this experiment.  In addition, adequate precision of the constructed model was achieved at 7.469 (more than 4.0). Based on the statistical evaluation, the optimum condition for starch isolation was found at X1 = 36 h and X2 = 0.05%, which was predicted to yield starch at 5.29% with the desirability value of 0.719.

Tanaman sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat unggulan Indonesia selain temulawak, mengkudu, pegagan, lidah buaya, lada, dan kunyit. Peningkatan produktivitas sambiloto dapat dilakukan dengan perbaikan teknik budidaya melalui sistem pemupukan.  Kajian aplikasi pupuk guano terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kandungan andgrographolida pada tanaman sambiloto terbatas, sehingga perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk guano terhadap pertumbuhan dan kandungan andrographolida pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun percobaan Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura pada bulan Januari - April 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non faktorial dengan perlakuan 6 taraf dosis pupuk guano dengan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan dosis pupuk guano per hektar meliputi G0 (control/tanpa pupuk guano), G1 (5 ton), G2 (7.5 ton), G3 (10 ton), G4 (12.5 ton), dan G5 (15 ton). Pada setiap percobaan terdapat 6 tanaman dengan rincian 3 tanaman sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemupukan guano pada dosis 15 ton/ha (G5) memberikan hasil terbaik untuk parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat basah total dan berat kering total tanaman. Kandungan andrographolida (%) tertinggi diperoleh pada dosis pupuk guano 7.5 ton/ha (G2), sedangkan produksi andrograpolida (mg) tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan G4 (dosis pupuk guano 12.5 ton/ha).Response of Growth and Production of Srographic Andrographolida Plants (Andrographis paniculata Nees) Due to Differences in Guano Fertilizer Doses Bitter plant (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) including one featured Indonesian medicinal plants in addition to ginger, noni, gotu kola, aloe vera, pepper, and turmeric. Increased productivity is bitter to do with the improvement of farming techniques through a system of fertilization. Study of guano fertilizer application on the growth, production, and content andrographolide the bitter plant is limited, so it is necessary to know the effect of guano fertilizer on the growth and content of the plant andrographolide bitter. This research was conducted at the experiment station Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University Trunojoyo Madura at January-April 2016 by using a completely randomized design (RAL) non-factorial with 4 replications consisting of G0 (control/without guano fertilizer), G1 ( fertilizer guano 5 tons/ha) G2 (7.5 tons/ha), G3 (10 tons/ha), G4 (12.5 tons/ha) and G5 (15 tons/ha) on each trial there are 6 plants with details of 3 plants in the sample. The results showed that the guano fertilizer at a dose of 15 tons/ha (G5) can be increased plant height, leaf number, leaf area, total wet weight, and total dry weight. The highest content of andrographolide obtained at doses of 7.5 tons/ha (G2) of guano fertilizer, while the highest yield of andrographolide obtained at doses 12.5 tons/ha of guano fertilizer (G4).

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kadar metabolit sekunder rimpang kunyit serta hubungannya dengan sifat kimia tanah di Kabupaten Bangkalan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-Juni 2015. Subyek penelitian ini adalah sentra penanaman kunyit milik kelompok tani di tiga kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Bangkalan tepatnya di Kecamatan Bangkalan, Kecamatan Galis, dan Kecamatan Geger yang ditetapkan berdasarkan metode purposive sampling. Sampel kunyit dan tanah diambil 12 tempat di masing-masing kecamatan yang ditetapkan berdasarkan snowball sampling. Rimpang kunyit yang diambil yaitu rimpang induk dan anakan dari tanaman kunyit umur 8-12 bulan, selanjutnya diukur berat kering dan kandungan metabolit sekundernya yaitu kurkumin dan minyak atsirinya sedangkan sampel tanah selanjutnya dianalisa kandungan N, P, K serta C organiknya. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kunyit di Bangkalan memiliki berat kering rimpang 16,66 %-17,30 %, kandungan kurkumin 0,997 %-1,073 %, serta minyak atsiri 2,14 %-2,78 %. Unsur N berkorelasi positif terhadap kandungan kurkumin sedangkan unsur P dan C organik berkorelasi positif terhadap berat kering kunyit. Sifat kimia tanah tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kandungan minyak atsiri kunyit.

ABSTRACT<br /><br />Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a plant that has great potency  to be developed. Almost all parts of the plant can be utilized. This study aimed to determine the effect of shade and phosphate fertilizer on growth and essential oil content in  basil. This research was conducted at the experimental field of Agrotechnology Departement, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura, during January-April 2015. The research was arranged in a split plot design with 3 replications. Main plot was shading i.e., without shading  and 25% shading. The subplots were phosphate fertilizer rate, i.e., 0, 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 g SP36 per plant that was planted in polybags. The results showed that plants treated with 25% of shading and applied with phosphate 3 g per plant had the highest total dry weight, production of essential oil and eugenol. Shading of 25% give the best results on plant height, leaf area and total fresh weight of the plant. Application of phosphate fertilizer 3 g per plant give  the highest content of chlorophyll (chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll), while the highest essential oil and eugenol content of leaves is obtained from application of phosphate fertilizer 3 and 4.5 g per plant. Shading  and phosphate fertilizer application did not affect leaf  number. <br /><br />Keywords: chlorophyll, eugenol, leaf, phenylpropanoids, production<br /><br />

Physalis angulata are widespread in the tropics with high bioactive compounds and pharmacological effects. This paper aims to identify the stages of fruit development and changes in physicochemical properties to provide comprehensive data on optimal fruit utilization. This study used CM 1 accession found in Madura Island with purplish stems and fruit peels. After 30 days of cultivation, the plant was transplanted into a polybag containing red Mediterranean soil and manure (5:1). It is grown in a greenhouse for 90 days to observe. The experimental design was completely randomized. The stages were selected as treatments: 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 Day After Anthesis. The study used 15 replications with a total of 15 plants used, except for chemical analysis which used five replication with three plants for each replication. Observations were carried out during the reproductive phase and the parameters included fruit phenology, physical character, and chemical characteristics. The result showed that the growth stage of P. angulata consists of fully opened flower, fruit development (fruit set and fruit expansion), and ripening fruit (starting ripe, advanced ripe, and eating ripe). The optimal fruit stage for consumption is 21 days after anthesis, which has a diameter of 13.58 mm, a weight of 1.69 g and firmness of 3.40 N, total soluble solids of 14.96 Brix, total titratable acid of 0.0011%, and vitamin C 20.91 mg/100 g.

Physalis Sp. is a potential medicinal plant and functional food. The use of appropriate nutrients can gain optimal plant growth and productivity. This study aimed to determine the macro and micronutrients that can provide optimal growth and yield of Physalis sp. This research was conducted at a greenhouse in Bangkalan Madura. A factorial randomized block design with four replications was used in this study. The first factor was the species of Physalis Sp., namely P. peruviana and P. alkekengi. The second factor is nutrition at four levels: a spray of water only as control; foliar application of macronutrients at a dose of 2 g/L; foliar application of micronutrients at a dose of 0,125 g/L; foliar Application of a combination of macronutrients 1 g/L and micronutrients 0,0625 g/L. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the 5 % level. Nutrition significantly affected growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves) and yield (number of fruit). The interaction between treatments occurred in the number of fruits. Micronutrients gave the highest number of fruit, both species of Physalis sp.

Salinity-affected areas include dry and semi-arid parts of the world, with low crop production capacity. P. angulata is economically important of genus Physalis due to its nutraceutical benefit. This study aims to evaluate the morphological response of P. angulata to salinity stress. The research was conducted in Bangkalan Madura. Salinity treatments were consist of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180. Research has been designed according to randomized block design with three replications. Each replication consists of 4 plants. Leaf morphology was observed by measuring the chlorophyll content in young leaves and visual symptoms in old leaves. The response of plant roots to salinity was carried out by measuring root volume and primary root length. The study result that morphological changes occur in the leaves and roots. There is an acceleration of senescence of old leaves and a decrease in young leaves chlorophyll. The root changes can be seen from the root volume and primary root length reduction. The changes began to occur at a concentration of 80 mM except for the primary root length, which begins to appear at a concentration of 120 mM.