AbstrakPelaksanaan jaminan kesehatan di Kabupaten Tabalong, masih mengalami beberapa permasalahan. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method dengan desain urutan pembuktian sequential explanatory.

AbstrakBerdasarkan data Riskesdas (2013) menunjukkan prevalensi kejadian pendek di Indonesia mencapai 36,8%, Kalimantan Selatan 45%, dan Kabupaten Amuntai Tengah 51% dimana ini sudah menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat (≥ 20%). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor risiko kejadian pendek pada anak usia 6-24 bulan yang dilakukan pada tahun 2014. Desain penelitian adalah cross-sectional dengan besar sampel sejumlah 117, populasinya merupakan ibu-ibu yang memiliki anak berusia 6-24 bulan dan sampel terdiri dari anak yang berusia 6-24 bulan. Analisis data bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dengan Confidance Interval (CI) 95%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara status pekerjaan ibu (p=0,873), tinggi badan ayah (p=0,880), dan tinggi badan ibu (p=0,123), serta terdapat hubungan antara riwayat status BBLR (p=0,015) dengan kejadian pendek pada anak usia 6-24 bulan. Anak dengan berat badan lahir yang rendah memiliki risiko 5,87 kali untuk mengalami kejadian pendek. RISK FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENT STUNTING IN CHILDREN 6-24 MONTHS Abstract Based on previous research, data of Riskesdas (2013) showed that the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia amounted to 36.8%, South Kalimantan by 45%, District Central Amuntai by 51%, and the result is a public health problem (≥ 20%). The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for short events in children aged

Cases of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection in Pati District increase, particularly among housewives. The aim of this study was to analyse the risk factors of HIV infection among housewives in Pati District using case-control study design. The respondents were 90 housewives divided into case and control group. The case group consisted of 30 housewives living with HIV, while the control group comprised 60 housewives living in the similar area of the counterparts. The data collection was focused on demographic, sexual behaviour, and sociocultural variables possessed by housewives and their husbands. The study resulted that the risk factors of HIV infection among housewives based on bivariate analysis were housewife's level of education, husband's level of education, husband's occupation, housewife's sexual transmission disease (STD) record, husband's STD record, husband's participation in religious activities , and husband's alcohol drinking habit. The risk factors that fitted to logistic regression model were education level and alcoholic behaviour of husbands that contributed to 29.1% HIV infection among housewives. In conclusion, the husband's variables are proved having stronger and very significant correlation with HIV infection among housewives than housewife's variables. Abstrak Kasus infeksi HIV di Kabupaten Pati menunjukkan peningkatan khususnya pada kelompok ibu rumah tangga (IRT). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis fak-tor risiko penularan HIV pada ibu rumah tangga di Kabupaten Pati dengan desain penelitian kasus kontrol. Jumlah responden adalah 90 IRT yang terbagi dalam kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok kasus terdiri dari 30 IRT yang terinfeksi HIV, sedangkan kelompok kontrol terdiri dari 60 IRT yang tidak terinfeksi HIVdan tinggal di desa yang sama dengan responden pada kelompok kasus. Pengumpulan data difokuskan pada variabel demografi, peri-laku seksual, dan sosial budaya yang melekat pada IRT dan suami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko infeksi HIV pada IRT berdasarkan ana-lisis bivariat adalah tingkat pendidikan IRT, tingkat pendidikan suami, pekerjaan suami, riwayat penyakit infeksi menular seksual (IMS) IRT, riwayat IMS sua-mi, partisipasi suami dalam kegiatan keagamaan, dan kebiasan suami mengonsumsi alkohol. Variabel yang sesuai dengan model regresi logistik adalah tingkat pendidikan suami dan kebiasaan suami mengonsumsi alkohol, dimana kedua variabel memengaruhi 29,1% kasus infeksi HIV pada IRT. Disimpulkan bahwa variabel yang melekat pada suami memiliki signifikasi dan korelasi yang lebih kuat terhadap infeksi HIV dibandingkan kelompok IRT.

Penyakit tuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit menular kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan bahwa 1/3 penduduk dunia telah terinfeksi kuman tuberkulosis. Pada tahun 2012 kasus penderita tuberkulosis baru di Kalimantan Selatan dilaporkan 96 per 100.000penduduk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap dengan upaya pencegahan penyakit tuberkulosis di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bawahan Selan tahun 2015. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 24.410 orang, teknikpengambilan sampel menggunakan metode cluster random sampling, kemudian jumlah sampel ditentukan menggunakan rumus slovin dan didapat sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan (p=0,000) dan sikap (p=0,000), dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan upaya pencegahan tuberkulosis.

BackgroundData on COVID-19 clinical characteristics and severity from resource-limited settings are limited. This study examined clinical characteristics and factors associated with COVID-19 mortality and hospitalisation in rural settings of Indonesia, from 1 January to 31 July, 2021.MethodsThis retrospective cohort included individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 based on polymerase chain reaction or rapid antigen diagnostic test, from Lampung, Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces. We extracted demographic and clinical data, including hospitalisation and mortality from COVID-19 surveillance records. We used mixed-effect logistic regression to examine factors associated with COVID-19-related mortality and hospitalisation.ResultsOf 6,583 confirmed cases, 205 (3.1%) died, and 1,727 (26%) were hospitalised. The median age was 37 years (IQR 26-52), with 825 (12·53%) under 20 years, and 3,371 (51.21%) females. 4,533 (68.86%) cases were symptomatic, 319 (4.85%) had a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia, and 945 (14.36%) with at least one pre-existing comorbidity. The mortality and hospitalisation rate ranged from 2.0% and 13.4% in East Nusa Tenggara to 4.3% and 36·1% in Lampung. Age-specific mortality rates were 0.9% (2/340) for 0-4 years; 0% (0/112) for 5-9 years; 0.2% (1/498) for 10-19 years; 0.8% (11/1,385) for 20-29 years; 0.9% (12/1,382) for 30-39 years; 2% (23/1,095) for 40-49 years; 5% (57/1,064) for 50-59 years; 11% (62/576) for 60-69 years; 16% (37/232) for ≥70 years. Older age, pre-existing diabetes, liver diseases, malignancy, and pneumonia were associated with higher risk of mortality and hospitalisation. Pre-existing hypertension, cardiac diseases, chronic kidney disease, COPD, and immunocompromised condition were associated with risk of hospitalisation but not with mortality.ConclusionClinical characteristics and risk factors of severe COVID-19 outcomes in rural provinces were broadly similar to those in urban settings. The risk of COVID-19-related mortality and hospitalisation was associated with higher age, pre-existing chronic comorbidities, and clinical presentation of pneumonia.