Thalassia hemprichii merupakan jenis lamun yang ada di perairan Lemukutan. T. hemprichii berpotensi menghasilkan senyawa antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari bakteri berasosiasi lamun T. hemprichii dari perairan Lemukutan. Hasil uji aktivitas antibakteri menunjukkan 6 dari 8 isolat bakteri berasosiasi T. hemprichii aktif terhadap bakteri uji. Aktivitas antibakteri ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya zona bening di sekitar isolat bakteri berasosiasi T. hemprichii. Isolat bakteri LM07 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri yang kuat terhadap 4 bakteri uji. LM07 menunjukkan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholera, Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Salmonella typhimurium. Thalassia hemprichii is a species of marine seagrass in the Lemukutan waters. It has a potency as a antibacterial source. The aim of the research was to obtained bacteria associated T. hemprichii. The result of this research showed six of eight bacterial strains have antibacterial activity. A growth inhibition zone formed as a clear zone around bacterial strains. LM07 showed the highest antibacterial activity. This bacteria inhibited the growth of S. aureus, V. cholera, P. aeruginosa dan S. typhimurium.
Humic acid is a humus compound found in peat soil. Humic acid can potentially be used as an anti-inflammatory compound. This study aimed to determine the effect of humic acid on the volume of foot mice edema and to find the best dose that can suppress the degree of edema volume. The animal object was Swiss mice weighing 25-30 grams and 3 months old. The study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with positive control, negative control and humic acid treatment with dose 62.5 mg kg-1BW, 125 mg kg-1BW, and 250 mg kg-1BW. The result of this research showed that edema inhibition by the administration of humic acid dose 62,5; 125; 250 mg kg-1 had inflammatory inhibition percentage 2.67%, 13.34%, and 20.01% respectively in 5-hour observation. The best dose of humic acid to suppress inflammation in the mice's paw is a humic acid dose of 250 mg kg-1 compared with value 23.3% of sodium diclofenac as the positive control.
Bajakah tampala plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) has been used for traditional medicine by the Kalimantan Dayak tribe in the treatment of cancer. This study aimed to find out the potential of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah tampala (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) as an anti-inflammatory agent in carrageenan-induced mice. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and five replications. The treatments consisted of a water-treated mouse as a negative control, sodium diclofenac 30,8 mg kg-1 as a positive control, and an extract of bajakah dose 2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1 BW. The dose of bajakah extract was given orally one hour before carrageenan induction. The inflammation induction used the Winter method by injecting 0.15 ml of 2% carrageenan suspension into the soles of mice. The diameter of edema was measured for 210 minutes. The results showed that the diameter of the mice soles showed a significant increase in all groups after the carrageenan injection. The value of AUC (Area Under the Curve) of bajakah extract dose (2.5; 250; 1250 mg kg-1) from the 150th minute to the 210th minute did not show significant differences from one another. The sodium diclofenac as positive control gave the lowest total AUC value of 236 mm.minute, followed by bajakah extract at a dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW of 239.22 mm.minute. The calculation results of the percentage of the inflammation inhibition showed that the administration of ethanol extract of the stem of Bajakah, Spatholobus littoralis, at the lowest dose of 2.5 mg kg-1 BW provide the best inflammation inhibition with 19.21% inhibitory value, nearly approaching the positive control of diclofenac sodium with an inhibitory value of 21.53%.
The existence of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) macroinvertebrates in water can be used as the indicators to identify the water quality. This study aims to determine the diversity of Macroinvertebrates and physical and chemical factors in water of the Mentuka River. Macroinvertebrate sampling was carried out in February 2018 using random with surber and dip net at three stations spread overthe upstream, middle and downstream of the Mentuka River. The measurements chemicals and physical factors such as water temperature, brightness, current velocity, depth, TDS, TSS, acidity (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO) and free carbon dioxide (CO2), which is carried out together with macroinvertebrates sampling. There are 378 macroinvertebrates individuals belonging to nine genera, namely Polypedilum, Hydropsyche, Anthopotamus, Baetis, Acroneuria, Libellula, Rhyacophila, Parathelphusa and Macrobrachium in Mentuka River. The Ephemeroptera, Baetis is the most abundance with 5.76 ind/m2. Based on the diversity index, the Mentuka was categorized as moderately polluted river.
Rajungan (Portunus pelagicus) merupakan biota akuatik yang memiliki komoditas ekonomi dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat pesisir mangrove Kecamatan Batu Ampar, sehingga perlu mendapat pengawasan keberadaannya di alam. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah mengetahui kepadatan, pola sebaran, dan mengetahui korelasi karakteristik habitat rajungan dengan kepadatan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama bulan Desember 2019-Februari 2020. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 3 stasiun penelitian menggunakan gill net berukuran 4 inchi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis meliputi kepadatan dan pola sebaran. Korelasi karakteristik habitat dianalisis menggunakan Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Pengaruh stasiun dan waktu penangkapan dianalisis menggunakan Anova dua jalur. Kepadatan rajungan berkisar 222-2581 ind/km2 dan berbeda selama bulan Desember-Februari. Pola Sebaran pada bulan Desember dan Januari termasuk seragam dan mengelompok, bulan Februari memiliki sebaran seragam dan acak. Stasiun penelitian tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepadatan rajungan, sedangkan waktu penelitian di Pesisir Batu Ampar memberikan pengaruh. Kepadatan populasi rajungan dan pola sebaran rajungan berkorelasi positif terhadap kedalaman, kecerahan, salinitas, pH air, kecepatan arus air, kecepatan angin, suhu air, DO, dan CO2 bebas.
Humic acid compounds have an immunostimulatory effect. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of humic acid on the spleen of mice infected with Escherichia coli. The study used a completely randomized design with six treatments and five replicates. The treatments were normal control, negative control, positive control of isoprinosine, humic acid dose of 62.5; 125; and 250 mg/kg body weight (BW). The results showed that E. coli infection caused diarrhea symptoms and significant weight loss. There were significant differences (P<0.05) on hematocrit value and a total leukocyte count of humic acid, in which isoprinosine treatment was higher than those of negative control and normal control. There was no significant difference in the spleen weight of the mice subjected to the different treatments, but through histologic observations a significant difference (P<0.05) was found in the histologic size of the spleen. Humic acid treatment of 250 and 125 mg/kg BW resulted in the widest white pulp (495.8 ± 58.2 µm) and the highest leukocytes count (6725 ± 1018 cell/mL), respectively. On the red pulp serving as negative control numerous clusters of lymphocyte cells were found. ABSTRAKSenyawa asam humat mempunyai potensi imunostimulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian asam humat terhadap organ limpa mencit yang diinfeksi bakteri Escherichia coli. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan enam perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut yakni kontrol normal, kontrol negatif, kontrol positif isoprinosin, asam humat dosis 62,5; 125; dan 250 mg/kg berat badan (BB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa infeksi bakteri E. coli pada mencit menyebabkan mencit mengalami gejala diare dan penurunan berat badan yang signifikan. Perbedaan signifikan (P<0,05) pada nilai hematokrit dan jumlah leukosit total perlakuan asam humat dan isoprinosin lebih tinggi dibandingkan kontrol negatif dan kontrol normal. Tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata (P>0,05) pada berat limpa mencit antar perlakuan, melalui pengamatan histologi ditemukan perbedaan ukuran histologi limpa mencit. Perlakuan asam humat 250 mg/kg BB mempunyai ukuran pulpa putih (495,8 ± 58,2 µm) dan perlakuan asam humat 125 mg/kg BB mempunyai nilai leukosit tertinggi (6725 ± 1018 sel/mL). Pada pulpa merah perlakuan kontrol negatif ditemukan banyak sel limfosit yang menggerombol.
Hematology studies between Vertebrate classes can provide supporting data related to animal activities and adaptation to their habitat. Low Vertebrate ektoterm showed different hemotological profil than endoderm Vertebrate. The aims of this study is to compare hematological profile between Vertebrate which includes five classes animal taxon. Animal species was taken randomly, considered to represent the five classes taxon: Clarias batracus from Class Pisces, Rana sp. from Class Amphibia, Eutropis multifasciata from Class Reptilia, Columba livia from Class Aves and Mus musculus from Class Mammalia. Hematology parameters were observed was hemoglobins, HCT, erythrocyte count, leukocyte count, leukocyte differential, MCV, MCH and MCHC. The result showed Vertebrate from Class Pisces (catfish), amphibian (frogs) and reptiles (lizards) had hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocytes higher than Aves and Mammals. Leucocytes count in Class Pisces, Amphibians, Reptiles and Aves range 12.000-19.000 cells/mL higher than mammal leukocyte 5000 cells/mL. Differential leukocyte in catfish, frogs, lizards, pigeons and mice have the highest percentage of lymphocytes (37-62%). Keywords: catfish, frog, hematology, lizard, mice, pigeon, vertebrate ABSTRAKStudi hematologi hewan kelas Vertebrata dapat memberikan data pendukung terkait aktivitas hewan dan adaptasi terhadap habitatnya. Hewan Vertebrata tingkat rendah yang ektoterm mempunyai profil hematologi yang berbeda dengan Vertebrata tinggi yang sebagian besar endoterm. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan profil hematologi antar hewan Vertebrata yang meliputi lima kelas hewan takson. Hewan sampel diambil secara acak dari populasi hewan yang mewakili lima kelas takson: Clarias batracus dari kelas Pisces, Rana sp. dari kelas Amfibi, Eutropis multifasciata dari kelas Reptil, Columba livia dari kelas Aves dan Mus musculus dari kelas Mammalia. Parameter hematologi yang diamati adalah hemoglobin, hematokrit, jumlah eritrosit, jumlah leukosit, leukosit diferensial, MCV, MCH dan MCHC. Hasil pengukuran hematologi menunjukkan Vertebrata dari kelas Pisces (lele), Amfibi (katak) dan Reptil (kadal) memiliki hemoglobin, hematokrit, eritrosit lebih tinggi dari pada Aves dan Mamalia. Jumlah leukosit di kelas Pisces, Amfibi, Reptil, dan Aves berkisar 12.000-19.000 sel/mL lebih tinggi dari leukosit mamalia yakni 5000 sel/mL. Pengamatan leukosit diferensial pada ikan lele, katak, kadal, merpati, dan tikus menunjukkan persentase limfosit tertinggi (37-62%) dibanding jenis leukosit lain. Kata kunci: ikan lele, katak, hematologi, kadal, mencit, merpati, vertebrata
Streptococcus sp. (L.10.3) is one of the bacteria that can cause dental plaque. This study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of the fraction of methanol fraction of fruit against Streptococcus sp. (L.10.3). This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), 3 levels of concentrations of fraction methanol fraction 0.3 g/mL, 0.6 g/mL and 0.9 g/mL and 2 positive control treatments of amoxicillin and negative control using distilled water with three times repeated. Testing the antibacterial activity using the Kirby-Bauer method using disc paper. The results of the study showed the average diameter of inhibition zones of Streptococcus sp. (L.10.3) in the 24th hour incubation ranged from 7.70-10.72 mm and in the 48th hour incubation ranged from 8.70-10.37 mm. A concentration of 0.9 g/mL is an effective concentration with a moderate inhibition response category. Giving fraction of methanol fraction of fruit at the lowest concentration of 0.3 g/mL is able to provide a moderate inhibition response with the bacteriocidal antibacterial category.
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